Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah mendorong pemanfaatan media sosial secara luas, namun turut membuka celah penyalahgunaan platform digital berupa penyebaran konten kesusilaan yang melibatkan anak. Sebagai Penyelenggara Sistem Elektronik (PSE), penyedia platform media sosial memiliki kewajiban hukum berdasarkan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik untuk menyelenggarakan sistem elektronik secara andal, aman, dan bertanggung jawab, termasuk melakukan pemutusan akses terhadap konten yang dilarang. Meskipun demikian, pengaturan yang ada belum memberikan rumusan yang tegas mengenai batas pertanggungjawaban pidana penyedia platform apabila tindak pidana asusila yang melibatkan anak terjadi melalui sistem elektronik yang mereka selenggarakan.
Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum mengenai pertanggungjawaban pidana penyedia platform media sosial terhadap tindak pidana asusila yang melibatkan anak menurut hukum positif Indonesia serta batas pertanggungjawaban pidananya.
Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan yang terdiri atas bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum positif Indonesia telah mengatur perlindungan anak dan kewajiban Penyelenggara Sistem Elektronik melalui KUHP, Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak, Undang-Undang Pornografi, Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, serta Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 71 Tahun 2019. Namun, belum terdapat pengaturan yang secara tegas mengatur pertanggungjawaban pidana penyedia platform media sosial terhadap
tindak pidana asusila yang melibatkan anak. Pertanggungjawaban pidana penyedia platform dapat dikenakan apabila terpenuhi unsur subjek hukum, kesalahan, hubungan kausal, dan kewajiban melakukan notice and takedown, sehingga prinsip safe harbor hanya berlaku sepanjang penyedia platform tidak mengetahui atau tidak patut mengetahui adanya pelanggaran.
Disarankan agar pemerintah merevisi dan melengkapi ketentuan yang berlaku mengenai pertanggungjawaban pidana penyedia platform media sosial sebagai Penyelenggara Sistem Elektronik guna memberikan kepastian hukum dan memperkuat perlindungan anak di ruang digital.

Advancements in information technology have driven the widespread use of social media but have also created opportunities for the misuse of digital platforms, specifically through the dissemination of indecent content involving children. As Electronic System Providers (PSE), social media platform providers are legally obligated—under the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions—to operate their electronic systems reliably, securely, and responsibly, which includes blocking access to prohibited content. However, existing regulations do not clearly define the limits of criminal liability for platform providers when indecent acts involving children occur via the electronic systems they operate. This study aims to analyze the legal framework regarding the criminal liability of social media platform providers for indecent acts involving children under Indonesian positive law, as well as the boundaries of such liability. The research employs a normative juridical method, utilizing both statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were gathered through a literature review comprising primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources and were subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The findings indicate that Indonesian positive law addresses child protection and the obligations of Electronic System Providers through the Criminal Code (KUHP), the Child Protection Law, the Pornography Law, the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions, and Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019. However, there are no regulations that explicitly address the criminal liability of social media platform providers regarding indecent acts involving children. Criminal liability may be imposed on platform providers if the elements of legal subjecthood, culpability (fault), and a causal link are established, and if there is a failure to fulfill the "notice and takedown" obligation; consequently, the "safe harbor" principle applies only insofar as the platform provider is unaware—and reasonably should not have been aware—of the violation. It is recommended that the government revise and supplement existing regulations concerning the criminal liability of social media platform providers acting as Electronic System Providers to ensure legal certainty and strengthen child protection in the digital space.