Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pasal 5 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia mewajibkan pembebanan Jaminan Fidusia dibuat dengan Akta Jaminan Fidusia oleh notaris dalam bahasa Indonesia. Selanjutnya, Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf m Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 tentang Jabatan Notaris mewajibkan pembacaan dan penandatanganan akta di hadapan para penghadap. Pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan tersebut berdasarkan Pasal 16 ayat (9) UU Jabatan Notaris mengakibatkan akta hanya mempunyai kekuatan pembuktian sebagai akta di bawah tangan. Namun, dalam praktik perjanjian pembiayaan konsumen di Kota Banda Aceh, ketentuan tersebut belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pelaksanaan pembuatan Akta Jaminan Fidusia, faktor penyebab pembacaan dan penandatanganan akta tidak dilakukan di hadapan para penghadap, serta akibat hukumnya dalam perjanjian pembiayaan konsumen di Kota Banda Aceh.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris. Data diperoleh melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan melalui wawancara dengan notaris, perusahaan pembiayaan, konsumen, Ketua Majelis Pengawas Wilayah Notaris (MPWN) Aceh, dan Ketua Ikatan Notaris Indonesia (INI) Kota Banda Aceh. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendapat para ahli.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembebanan Jaminan Fidusia dilakukan melalui perjanjian pembiayaan, pembuatan Akta Jaminan Fidusia, dan pendaftaran secara elektronik. Namun, pembacaan dan penandatanganan akta tidak selalu dilakukan di hadapan para penghadap. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan praktik tersebut meliputi tuntutan efisiensi pelayanan, tingginya volume transaksi pembiayaan, mekanisme administrasi perusahaan pembiayaan, pola kerja sama antara perusahaan pembiayaan dengan notaris, serta rendahnya pemahaman konsumen mengenai proses pembuatan Akta Jaminan Fidusia. Praktik tersebut menyebabkan Akta Jaminan Fidusia tidak memenuhi ketentuan formil UU Jabatan Notaris sehingga kehilangan kedudukannya sebagai akta autentik dan hanya berkekuatan pembuktian sebagai akta di bawah tangan.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, disarankan agar notaris dan perusahaan pembiayaan melaksanakan pembuatan Akta Jaminan Fidusia sesuai dengan ketentuan UU Jabatan Notaris dan UU Jaminan Fidusia serta meningkatkan pemahaman konsumen mengenai pentingnya pemenuhan prosedur pembuatan akta guna menjamin kepastian dan perlindungan hukum.

Article 5 paragraph (1) of Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees requires that Fiduciary Guarantee encumbrances be drawn up through a Fiduciary Guarantee Deed by a notary in Indonesian. Furthermore, Article 16 paragraph (1) letter m of Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Notary Public Positions requires the deed to be read and signed in the presence of the parties appearing. Violation of this provision, based on Article 16 paragraph (9) of the Notary Public Position Law, results in the deed only having evidentiary force as a private deed. However, in the practice of consumer financing agreements in Banda Aceh City, this provision has not been fully implemented. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Fiduciary Guarantee Deeds, the factors causing the deed to not be read and signed in the presence of the parties appearing, and the legal consequences in consumer financing agreements in Banda Aceh City. This research is an empirical legal study with an empirical juridical approach. Data were obtained through library research and fieldwork through interviews with notaries, financing companies, consumers, the Chair of the Aceh Notary Regional Supervisory Board (MPWN), and the Chair of the Indonesian Notaries Association (INI) in Banda Aceh City. The data were analyzed qualitatively based on laws and regulations and expert opinion. The results indicate that the imposition of Fiduciary Guarantees is carried out through financing agreements, the preparation of Fiduciary Guarantee Deeds, and electronic registration. However, the reading and signing of the deed are not always carried out in the presence of the parties. Factors contributing to this practice include demands for service efficiency, the high volume of financing transactions, the administrative mechanisms of financing companies, the cooperation patterns between financing companies and notaries, and consumers' lack of understanding of the Fiduciary Guarantee Deed preparation process. This practice results in Fiduciary Guarantee Deeds not meeting the formal requirements of the Notary Law, thus losing their status as authentic deeds and only having evidentiary force as private deeds. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that notaries and financing companies carry out the preparation of Fiduciary Guarantee Deeds in accordance with the provisions of the Notary Law and the Fiduciary Guarantee Law and increase consumer understanding regarding the importance of fulfilling the procedures for making deeds to ensure legal certainty and protection.