Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum berhak memperoleh perlindungan melalui mekanisme diversi sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 7 Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Berdasarkan Pasal 7 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) diversi wajib diupayakan pada setiap tingkat penyidikan, penuntutan, dan pemeriksaan perkara anak di pengadilan negeri terhadap tindak pidana yang diancam dengan pidana penjara di bawah 7 (tujuh) tahun dan bukan merupakan pengulangan tindak pidana. Diversi bertujuan menyelesaikan perkara di luar proses peradilan pidana dengan mengedepankan keadilan restoratif. Namun, dalam praktiknya, pelaksanaan diversi pada tindak pidana kekerasan bersama-sama (pengeroyokan) yang dilakukan oleh anak masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, seperti belum tercapainya kesepakatan damai antara pelaku dan korban.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penyelesaian tindak pidana pengeroyokan yang dilakukan oleh anak melalui mekanisme diversi di Kejaksaan Negeri Banda Aceh, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaannya, serta upaya Penuntut Umum dalam mewujudkan keadilan restoratif.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan dengan wawancara terhadap responden dan informan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelesaian perkara dilakukan melalui musyawarah diversi yang melibatkan Penuntut Umum, Balai Pemasyarakatan, pelaku, korban, keluarga para pihak, dan pihak terkait lainnya. Pelaksanaan diversi dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kerugian korban, latar belakang pelaku, kesediaan korban untuk berdamai, dukungan keluarga, serta kemampuan Penuntut Umum dalam memfasilitasi musyawarah. Selain itu, faktor komunikasi yang baik antar para pihak, adanya rekomendasi dari Balai Pemasyarakatan, sikap kooperatif pelaku selama proses diversi, serta terpenuhinya syarat-syarat yuridis sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak juga turut menentukan berhasil atau tidaknya diversi. Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut, Penuntut Umum melakukan pendekatan persuasif, memberikan pemahaman mengenai keadilan restoratif kepada para pihak, serta memperkuat koordinasi dengan instansi terkait agar tercapai kesepakatan yang mengutamakan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak.
Disarankan agar Kejaksaan Negeri Banda Aceh terus meningkatkan efektivitas pelaksanaan diversi melalui penguatan peran Penuntut Umum, peningkatan koordinasi antarinstansi,sosialisasi kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya penyelesaian perkara anak berdasarkan prinsip keadilan restoratif.

Children in conflict with the law are entitled to protection through the diversion mechanism, as stipulated in Article 7 of Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. Pursuant to Article 7, paragraphs (1) and (2), diversion must be pursued at every stage—investigation, prosecution, and court proceedings—for criminal offenses punishable by imprisonment of less than seven years, provided the offense is not a repeat offense. Diversion aims to resolve cases outside the formal criminal justice process by prioritizing restorative justice. However, in practice, the implementation of diversion for cases of collective violence (mob assault) committed by children faces various obstacles, such as the failure to reach a peace agreement between the perpetrator and the victim. This study aims to explain the resolution of mob assault cases committed by children through the diversion mechanism at the Banda Aceh District Attorney's Office, the factors influencing its implementation, and the efforts made by the Public Prosecutor to achieve restorative justice. This study employs an empirical-juridical method with a descriptive-qualitative approach. Data were obtained through both library research and fieldwork—involving interviews with respondents and informants—and subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The research findings indicate that case resolution is carried out through diversion deliberations involving the Public Prosecutor, the Correctional Center (Bapas), the perpetrator, the victim, the families of the parties involved, and other relevant stakeholders. The implementation of diversion is influenced by the extent of the victim's loss, the perpetrator's background, the victim's willingness to reconcile, family support, and the Public Prosecutor's ability to facilitate the deliberation. Additionally, factors such as effective communication among the parties, recommendations from the Correctional Center, the perpetrator's cooperative attitude during the diversion process, and compliance with the legal requirements stipulated in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law also determine the success or failure of the diversion. To address these challenges, the Public Prosecutor adopted a persuasive approach, fostering an understanding of restorative justice among the parties involved and strengthening coordination with relevant agencies to reach an agreement that prioritizes the best interests of the child. It is recommended that the Banda Aceh District Attorney's Office continue to enhance the effectiveness of the diversion process by strengthening the role of the Public Prosecutor, improving inter-agency coordination, and raising public awareness regarding the importance of resolving cases involving children based on restorative justice principles.