Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Ainun Nuri (2025). Perkembangan Motorik dan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini Melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematic) di PAUD IT Hafizul ‘Ilmi Kabupaten Aceh Besar.

Pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis STEAM dipandang sebagai sebuah pendekatan untuk menyiapkan generasi abad 21. Pembelajaran berbasis STEAM memiliki efek positif pada pembelajaran anak terutama melatih kemampuan motorik dan kognitif, sedangkan pelaksanaan pembelajaran di PAUD IT Hafizul ‘Ilmi Kabupaten Aceh Besar terlihat belum menerapkan pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis STEAM. Maka dari itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis STEAM di PAUD IT Hafizul ‘Ilmi dalam mengembangkan motorik dan kognitif anak usia dini. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 siklus. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas B PAUD IT Hafizul ‘Ilmi Kabupaten Aceh Besar pada semester Ganjil 2022/2023. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak di PAUD IT Hafizul ‘Ilmi yang berjumlah delapan orang anak, terdiri dari tiga anak laki-laki dan lima anak perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan unjuk kerja. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis STEAM dalam mengembangkan motorik dan kognitif anak yang dilakukan melalui kegiatan melukis baju, mewarnai pohon, dan membuat kecambah toge. Guru bertindak sebagai fasilitator, membimbing anak secara bertahap mulai dari pengamatan, mengeksplorasi alat dan bahan, ikut berdiskusi bersama anak, hingga refleksi kegiatan. Peningkatan perkembangan motorik halus anak, terlihat anak terampil menggunakan tangan secara terkoordinasi saat mengecat pohon, memegang kuas, dan menanam toge. Peningkatan perkembangan kognitif anak di tiga aspek perkembangan kognitif, yaitu anak mampu menyelesaikan tugas saat menghadapi kesulitan dan menyelesaikan kegiatan sesuai instruksi guru, anak mengenali hubungan sebab akibat, terlihat ketika anak mengenali mengapa biji akan tumbuh jika disiram air, anak mampu menyebutkan angka dan huruf, anak mampu menggunakan lambang bilangan 1-10 saat menghitung jumlah biji kacang hijau yang digunakan.


Kata kunci: Pembelajaran, STEAM, Motorik, Kognitif

Ainun Nuri (2025). The Development of Motor and Cognitive Skills in Early Childhood Through STEAM-Based Learning (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics) at PAUD IT Hafizul ’Ilmi, Aceh Besar Regency. The STEAM-based learning approach is seen as a strategy to prepare the 21st-century generation. STEAM learning has a positive effect on children’s development, particularly in enhancing motor and cognitive skills. However, the implementation of STEAM-based learning at PAUD IT Hafizul ’Ilmi in Aceh Besar Regency appeared to be lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of STEAM-based learning at PAUD IT Hafizul ’Ilmi in developing motor and cognitive skills in early childhood. This research was conducted using Classroom Action Research (CAR) methodology over two cycles. The study took place in Class B of PAUD IT Hafizul ’Ilmi during the odd semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The subjects of the study were eight children, consisting of three boys and five girls. Data were collected through observation and performance assessments. The findings describe that STEAM-based learning activities aimed at developing children’s motor and cognitive skills were carried out through shirt painting, tree coloring, and mung bean sprouting. The teacher acted as a facilitator, guiding the children step by step—from observation, exploring tools and materials, engaging in discussions with the children, to reflecting on the activities. Improvements in fine motor development were observed as the children demonstrated coordination in hand movements while painting trees, holding brushes, and planting sprouts. Cognitive development improvements were seen in three aspects: (1) children were able to complete tasks despite facing challenges and followed the teacher’s instructions, (2) children recognized cause-and-effect relationships, as shown when they understood why seeds grow when watered, and (3) children were able to identify numbers and letters and use number symbols from 1 to 10 when counting the mung beans used. Keywords: Learning, STEAM, Motor Skills, Cognitive Skills