Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Ketersediaan hijauan sebagai bahan pakan utama bagi ternak ruminansia di Indonesia cenderung fluktuatif dan sangat bergantung pada musim. Pada musim kemarau, suplai hijauan sering kali terbatas, sehingga diperlukan sumber pakan alternatif yang ekonomis dan berkelanjutan. Salah satu limbah perkebunan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan pakan adalah limbah kulit buah kakao (KBK), yang memiliki kandungan bahan kering dan protein kasar cukup tinggi. Namun, tingginya kandungan lignin dan serat kasar dalam KBK menyebabkan tingkat kecernaannya rendah. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas nutrisi dan kecernaan KBK, diperlukan teknologi pengolahan yang efektif seperti fermentasi menggunakan mikroorganisme selulolitik, salah satunya Trichoderma viride. Efektivitas proses fermentasi dipengaruhi oleh jumlah inokulum atau Colony Forming Unit (CFU) yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jumlah CFU T. viride terhadap kecernaan in vitro limbah kulit buah kakao. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala serta Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi IPB Bogor, selama bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2024. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan empat ulangan, yaitu KBK0 (tanpa T. viride), KBK1 (10⁵ CFU/g), KBK2 (10⁶ CFU/g), dan KBK3 (10⁷ CFU/g). Fermentasi dilakukan selama 21 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi koefisien kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO), konsentrasi amonia (NH₃), Volatyle Fatty Acid (VFA), dan derajat keasaman (pH). Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjutan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah CFU T. viride berpengaruh sangat nyata (P

The availability of forage as the main feed source for ruminant livestock in Indonesia tends to be fluctuating and highly dependent on seasonal conditions. During the dry season, the supply of forage is often limited, making it necessary to seek alternative feed sources that are both economical and sustainable. One of the plantation by-products with potential to be developed as feed material is cocoa pod husk (CPH), which contains relatively high levels of dry matter and crude protein. However, the high lignin and crude fiber content in CPH results in low digestibility. To improve the nutritional quality and digestibility of CPH, effective processing technologies such as fermentation using cellulolytic microorganisms are required, one of which is Trichoderma viride. The effectiveness of the fermentation process is influenced by the amount of inoculum or Colony Forming Units (CFU) used. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different CFU levels of T. viride on the in vitro digestibility of cocoa pod husk. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, and at the Biotechnology Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, from June to October 2024. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications, namely: KBK0 (without T. viride), KBK1 (10⁵ CFU/g), KBK2 (10⁶ CFU/g), and KBK3 (10⁷ CFU/g). The fermentation process was carried out for 21 days. Observed parameters included dry matter digestibility coefficient (DMD), organic matter digestibility coefficient (OMD), ammonia (NH₃) concentration, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and pH value. Data were statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results of the study showed that the number of T. viride CFUs had a highly significant effect (P