Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang telah mengatur secara tegas ancaman pidana bagi setiap perbuatan perekrutan, pengangkutan, maupun penampungan orang dengan tujuan eksploitasi, termasuk yang dilakukan melalui sarana digital berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 27 ayat (1) jo Pasal 45 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Namun dalam praktiknya, terdapat kesenjangan dimana sifat kejahatan yang terselubung dan berbasis dunia maya menyebabkan proses penyidikan menghadapi hambatan dalam pembuktian, identifikasi pelaku, serta perlindungan korban, sehingga pelaksanaan penyidikan belum berjalan sebagaimana yang diamanatkan oleh peraturan perundang-undangan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pelaksanaan penyidikan terhadap tindak pidana perdagangan orang melalui prostitusi online, hambatan yang dihadapi dalam proses penyidikan, serta upaya pelaksanaan penyidikan yang dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris. Data penelitian diperoleh dari data primer berupa hasil wawancara dengan responden, serta data sekunder berupa literatur kepustakaan, mencakup buku teks, jurnal, teori, dan peraturan perundang-undangan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyidikan tindak pidana perdagangan orang dengan modus prostitusi online dilaksanakan melalui tahapan penerimaan laporan masyarakat, penangkapan pelaku, pengumpulan bukti, pemanggilan dan pemeriksaan saksi serta korban, penggunaan digital forensik, hingga pelimpahan berkas perkara kepada jaksa penuntut umum. Hambatan penyidikan meliputi kesulitan mengidentifikasi identitas asli pelaku dan korban yang menggunakan akun anonim dan penghapusan jejak digital oleh pelaku. Upaya aparat penegak hukum dilakukan melalui pendekatan preventif berupa sosialisasi, edukasi, dan patroli siber, serta pendekatan represif melalui penegakan hukum dengan digital forensik dan koordinasi antarinstansi.
Disarankan kepada Polresta Banda Aceh untuk meningkatkan kompetensi teknis dalam bidang digital forensik serta memperkuat koordinasi dengan instansi dalam melakukan patroli siber dan edukasi preventif guna menekan angka tindak pidana perdagangan orang berbasis online, serta perlu dilakukan sosialisasi dan edukasi hukum secara berkelanjutan mengenai bahaya perdagangan orang dengan modus prostitusi online khusunya pada perempuan dan anak.

Abstract Article 2 paragraph (1) of Law Number 21 of 2007 on the Eradication of the Criminal Offense of Human Trafficking explicitly stipulates criminal sanctions for any act of recruiting, transporting, or harboring persons for the purpose of exploitation, including offenses committed through digital platforms as regulated under Article 27 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 45 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 2024 on Electronic Information and Transactions. However, in practice, a significant gap remains, as the covert and cyberspace-based nature of these crimes creates obstacles in the investigation process, particularly in gathering evidence, identifying perpetrators, and protecting victims. Consequently, investigations have not been conducted in accordance with the mandates of the applicable laws and regulations. This study aims to examine the implementation of investigations into the crime of human trafficking through online prostitution, identify the obstacles encountered during the investigation process, and analyze the efforts undertaken by law enforcement authorities to address these challenges. This research employs an empirical juridical method. The research data consist of primary data obtained through interviews with respondents and secondary data collected from library research, including textbooks, journal articles, legal theories, and statutory regulations. The findings indicate that investigations into human trafficking committed through online prostitution are conducted through several stages, including receiving public reports, apprehending suspects, collecting evidence, summoning and examining witnesses and victims, utilizing digital forensic techniques, and submitting the case files to the public prosecutor. The main obstacles encountered include difficulties in identifying the true identities of perpetrators and victims who use anonymous online accounts, as well as the deletion of digital evidence by offenders. To address these challenges, law enforcement agencies employ preventive measures such as public awareness campaigns, legal education, and cyber patrols, alongside repressive measures through law enforcement, digital forensic investigations, and inter-agency coordination. It is recommended that the Banda Aceh Municipal Police (Polresta Banda Aceh) enhance its technical capacity in digital forensics and strengthen coordination with relevant agencies in conducting cyber patrols and preventive legal education to reduce the incidence of online human trafficking crimes. Furthermore, continuous public legal awareness and educational programs should be implemented to increase understanding of the dangers of human trafficking through online prostitution, particularly among women and children.