Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan pelagis yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi, kandungan gizi yang baik, serta tingkat pemanfaatan yang tinggi di Indonesia. Kualitas dan kesegaran ikan sangat dipengaruhi oleh penanganan pascapanen, terutama pada tahap pendaratan dan pemasaran di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI). Perbedaan penanganan tersebut berpotensi memengaruhi mutu organoleptik dan kandungan gizi ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan mutu kesegaran ikan tongkol berdasarkan uji organoleptik serta menentukan komposisi gizi melalui uji proksimat pada ikan tongkol yang didaratkan di TPI Ujong Serangga dan Keude Meukek. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung dan analisis laboratorium terhadap parameter organoleptik dan proksimat. Data organoleptik dianalisis menggunakan uji non-parametrik Kruskal-Wallis dan uji lanjut Mann-Whitney, sedangkan data proksimat dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata organoleptik ikan tongkol di TPI Keude Meukek meliputi mata (7,0), insang (8,0), lendir permukaan badan (7,9), daging (7,5), bau (7,5), dan tekstur (7,6). Sementara itu, di TPI Ujong Serangga diperoleh nilai mata (7,7), insang (8,2), lendir permukaan badan (8,1), daging (7,7), bau (8,0), dan tekstur (7,9). Hasil uji proksimat menunjukkan bahwa kandungan gizi ikan tongkol relatif tidak berbeda jauh antara kedua lokasi, dengan kadar air berkisar 73,33%–73,42%, kadar abu 1,21%–1,26%, kadar lemak 0,90%–1,43%, kadar protein 19,90%–20,20%, dan karbohidrat 4,13%–4,21%. Secara umum, nilai organoleptik ikan tongkol dari kedua TPI masih memenuhi standar mutu ikan segar (≥7) berdasarkan SNI 2729:2013. Ikan tongkol dari TPI Ujong Serangga menunjukkan mutu organoleptik yang relatif lebih baik dibandingkan TPI Keude Meukek, yang diduga dipengaruhi oleh penerapan penanganan pascapanen yang lebih optimal, terutama dalam penggunaan media pendingin.

Kata Kunci: Euthynnus affinis, Kualitas Ikan, Mutu Organoleptik, Proksimat, TPI

Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) is one of the pelagic fishery commodities with high economic value, rich nutritional content, and high utilization in Indonesia. Fish quality and freshness are strongly influenced by post-harvest handling, particularly during landing and marketing processes at Fish Landing Sites (TPI). Differences in handling practices may affect both the organoleptic quality and nutritional composition of the fish. This study aimed to analyze the differences in freshness quality of tuna based on organoleptic assessment and to determine its nutritional composition through proximate analysis at Ujong Serangga and Keude Meukek. The study was conducted through direct observation and laboratory analysis of organoleptic and proximate parameters. Organoleptic data were analyzed using non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Mann–Whitney test, while proximate data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the average organoleptic values of tuna at Keude Meukek were as follows: eyes (7.0), gills (8.0), body surface mucus (7.9), flesh (7.5), odor (7.5), and texture (7.6). Meanwhile, at Ujong Serangga, the values were eyes (7.7), gills (8.2), body surface mucus (8.1), flesh (7.7), odor (8.0), and texture (7.9). Proximate analysis indicated that the nutritional composition of tuna from both locations was relatively similar, with moisture content ranging from 73.33% to 73.42%, ash content 1.21%–1.26%, fat content 0.90%–1.43%, protein content 19.90%–20.20%, and carbohydrate content 4.13%–4.21%. Overall, the organoleptic values from both locations met the standard for fresh fish quality (≥7) based on SNI 2729:2013. Tuna from Ujong Serangga showed relatively better organoleptic quality compared to Keude Meukek, which is likely influenced by more optimal post-harvest handling practices, particularly in the use of cooling media. Keywords: Euthynnus affinis, Fish Quality, Organoleptic Quality, Proximate, Fish Landing Site