Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penegakan hukum terhadap narapidana yang melarikan diri dari lembaga pemasyarakatan merupakan bagian integral dari sistem pemasyarakatan di Indonesia. pada Pasal 11 Undang-Undang Nomor 22 tentang Pemasyarakatan narapidana wajib menaati peraturan tata tertib, tetapi dalam praktiknya masih terjadi pelarian, termasuk di Lapas Kelas II B Kutacane yang pada tahun 2025 mengalami peristiwa pelarian 40 narapidana, dengan 4 orang di antaranya belum berhasil ditangkap kembali.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses penegakan hukum terhadap narapidana pelarian di Lapas Kelas II B Kutacane, mengidentifikasi hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi, serta merumuskan upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut.
Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan Kepala Lapas, Satuan Pengamanan, Kepala Sub Seksi Pelaporan dan Tata Tertib, Kepala Sub Seksi Registrasi dan Bimkemas, serta narapidana di Lapas Kelas II B Kutacane. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa narapidana yang melarikan diri memperoleh sanksi yang belum sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang- undangan yang berlaku. Narapidana yang kembali sukarela dalam 7 hari tidak dikenai hukuman tambahan, sedangkan yang tertangkap atau merusak fasilitas dikenai sanksi tingkat berat. Hambatan utama meliputi keterbatasan sumber daya manusia (rasio petugas 1:51), overcapacity penghuni (362 jiwa melebihi kapasitas 84 orang), adanya provokator dari narapidana residivis, penolakan narapidana terhadap pengetatan tata tertib lapas, serta situasi tidak kondusif di lingkungan masyarakat (narapidana yang berada di luar pengawasan). Upaya mengatasi hambatan dilakukan secara preventif (pembinaan kepribadian dan kemandirian, deteksi dini, pendekatan persuasif), represif (koordinasi dengan aparat kepolisian dan masyarakat), serta pembinaan pasca pelarian (pengawasan intensif dan usulan pemindahan provokator ke lapas dengan pengamanan lebih tinggi).
Disarankan agar pemerintah pusat memperhatikan masalah overcapacity dan penambahan personil pengamanan, serta Kementerian Pemasyarakatan mengevaluasi kebijakan tanpa sanksi tambahan bagi narapidana yang kembali secara sukarela agar tetap memberikan efek jera dan kepastian hukum

Here is a polished academic English translation suitable for an abstract: --- Law enforcement against inmates who escape from correctional institutions constitutes an integral part of the Indonesian correctional system. Article 11 of Law Number 22 of 2022 on Corrections requires inmates to comply with institutional rules and regulations. However, in practice, escape incidents continue to occur, including at Class IIB Kutacane Correctional Institution, where 40 inmates escaped in 2025, with four of them remaining at large. This study aims to examine the law enforcement process against escaped inmates at Class IIB Kutacane Correctional Institution, identify the obstacles encountered in its implementation, and formulate efforts undertaken to overcome those obstacles. This research employed an empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews with the Head of the Correctional Institution, Security Officers, the Head of the Reporting and Discipline Subsection, the Head of the Registration and Community Guidance Subsection, and inmates at Class IIB Kutacane Correctional Institution. The data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis. The findings indicate that the sanctions imposed on escaped inmates have not been fully consistent with the applicable laws and regulations. Inmates who voluntarily returned within seven days were not subjected to additional punishment, whereas those who were recaptured or caused damage to correctional facilities were subjected to severe disciplinary sanctions. The main obstacles included limited human resources (with a guard-to-inmate ratio of 1:51), severe overcrowding (362 inmates compared to the official capacity of 84), the influence of recidivist inmates acting as provocateurs, inmates' resistance to stricter institutional regulations, and unfavorable conditions within the community due to escaped inmates remaining outside official supervision. Efforts to address these obstacles were carried out through preventive measures (personality and vocational development programs, early detection, and persuasive approaches), repressive measures (coordination with the police and local communities), and post-escape rehabilitation measures (intensive supervision and proposals to transfer provocateur inmates to correctional institutions with a higher security level). This study recommends that the central government address the issues of prison overcrowding and the shortage of security personnel. Furthermore, the Ministry of Corrections should review the policy of exempting voluntarily returning escaped inmates from additional sanctions in order to ensure both deterrence and legal certainty.