Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kesulitan belajar matematika merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang sering dialami siswa sekolah dasar, khususnya pada materi operasi hitung bilangan cacah yang meliputi penjumlahan, pengurangan, perkalian, dan pembagian. Kesulitan ini dapat menghambat pemahaman konsep serta kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal, baik soal langsung maupun soal cerita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk kesulitan siswa serta faktor-faktor penyebab kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi hitung bilangan cacah pada siswa kelas III SD Negeri 2 Pagar Air Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 16 siswa kelas III. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes, angket, dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi hitung bilangan cacah oleh siswa kelas III SD Negeri 2 Pagar Air Kabupaten Aceh Besar secara keseluruhan berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. Adapun kesulitan sangat tinggi yaitu kesulitan memecahkan dalam masalah sebesar 91,87%, kesulitan dalam keterampilan berhitung sebesar 90,46% dan kesulitan dalam memahami konsep sebesar 82,5%. Faktor penyebab kesulitan siswa terdiri atas faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Adapun faktor yang paling dominan adalah fasilitas pembelajaran di sekolah, pengaruh teman sebaya dan pendekatan guru. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi hitung bilangan cacah masih tergolong sangat tinggi dan lebih dominan dipengaruhi oleh faktor eksternal

Learning difficulties in mathematics are a common problem experienced by elementary school students, particularly in whole number operations material which includes addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. These difficulties can hinder students’ conceptual understanding and their ability to solve both direct and word problems. This study aims to describe the types of difficulties students face and the factors causing these difficulties in solving whole number operations problems among Grade III students at SD Negeri 2 Pagar Air, Aceh Besar Regency. This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. The research subjects consisted of 16 Grade III students. Data collection techniques included tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the overall difficulty in solving whole number operations problems among Grade III students at SD Negeri 2 Pagar Air, Aceh Besar Regency was categorized as very high. The specific difficulties classified as very high were: problem-solving difficulties at 91.87%, calculation skill difficulties at 90.46%, and concept comprehension difficulties at 82.5%. The factors causing students’ difficulties consisted of internal and external factors. The most dominant factors were school learning facilities, peer influence, and teacher approaches. Thus, it can be concluded that students’ difficulties in solving whole number operations problems are still classified as very high and are more dominantly influenced by external factors