Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Asas sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan menjadi pilar penting dalam penegakan Hukum Acara. Melalui mekanisme gugatan sederhana yang diperkenalkan melalui Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 serta perubahannya Nomor 4 Tahun 2019 tentang Tata Cara Penyelesaian Gugatan Sederhana. Dalam Pasal 5 ayat (3) PERMA Gugatan Sederhana disebutkan bahwa penyelesaian perkara gugatan sederhana dapat selesai dalam waktu 25 hari. Regulasi ini hadir menjadi solusi atas permasalahan proses penyelesaian perkara yang selama ini dianggap lambat, rumit, dan mahal. Realitanya masih terdapat perkara gugatan sederhana di Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh yang penyelesaiannya melebihi ketentuan yang diatur.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan penerapan asas sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan dalam penyelesaian perkara melalui gugatan sederhana, kemudian mengidentifikasi faktor penghambat penerapan asas tersebut dalam gugatan sederhana, serta menemukan solusi yang dapat dilakukan agar mekanisme gugatan sederhana dapat berjalan lebih optimal.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris, yaitu pendekatan yang menggabungkan penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Penelitian kepustakaan dilakukan dengan menelaah buku-buku, jurnal, skripsi, serta peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Sementara itu, penelitian lapangan dilakukan melalui wawancara langsung dengan responden yang berkaitan dengan gugatan sederhana di Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan asas peradilan sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan dalam gugatan sederhana di Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh belum optimal disebabkan hambatan mulai dari pemanggilan pihak berperkara yang salah domisili, biaya ringan belum maksimal, hingga kendala sistem e-court yang error dan dapat mempengaruhi tenggat waktu penyelesaian gugatan sederhana. Solusinya diperlukan verifikasi alamat para pihak sejak pendaftaran perkara, peningkatan layanan posbakum di Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh, serta perbaikan stabilitas sistem e-court yang dapat mempermudah persidangan gugatan sederhana.

Disarankan agar melakukan pengecekan alamat dengan cermat menggunakan verifikasi sistem data kependudukan, melakukan pemeliharaan berkala server e-court yang sering terkendala, memperluas sosialisasi mekanisme penyelesaian gugatan sederhana dan penggunaan e-court, serta mengoptimalkan bantuan hukum dengan pendampingan aktif bagi masyarakat kurang mampu.

The principles of simplicity, expeditiousness, and low cost constitute fundamental pillars in the enforcement of procedural law. Through the small claims mechanism introduced under Supreme Court Regulation Number 2 of 2015, as amended by Supreme Court Regulation Number 4 of 2019 concerning Procedures for the Settlement of Small Claims, the judiciary seeks to uphold these principles. Article 5 paragraph 3 of the Regulation on Small Claims provides that the settlement of a small claim case shall be completed within 25 days. This regulation was enacted as a response to concerns that judicial proceedings had been perceived as slow, complex, and costly. In practice, however, there remain small claim cases at the Banda Aceh District Court whose resolution exceeds the prescribed time limit. The objective of this research is to explain the implementation of the principles of simplicity, expeditiousness, and low cost in resolving cases through the small claims mechanism; to identify the factors hindering the application of these principles in small claim proceedings; and to formulate solutions to optimize the implementation of the small claims mechanism. This study employs an empirical juridical method, combining library research and field research. The library research was conducted by examining books, journals, undergraduate theses, and statutory regulations relevant to the research topic. The field research was conducted through direct interviews with respondents involved in small claim cases at the Banda Aceh District Court. The results indicate that the implementation of the principles of simple, expeditious, and low cost justice in small claim proceedings at the Banda Aceh District Court has not been optimal. The obstacles include improper service of summons due to incorrect domicile of the parties, the limited realization of low litigation costs, and technical disruptions in the e court system which affect the statutory time limits for resolving small claims. The proposed solutions include verification of the parties’ addresses at the time of case registration, enhancement of legal aid post services at the Banda Aceh District Court, and improvement of the stability of the e court system to facilitate small claim proceedings. It is recommended that careful address verification be conducted through population data systems, that periodic maintenance of the e court server be undertaken to prevent recurring technical disruptions, that broader dissemination of information regarding the small claims mechanism and the use of the e court system be implemented, and that legal aid services be optimized through active assistance for economically disadvantaged litigants.