Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Perkembangan teknologi komunikasi seluler kini telah memasuki era 5G, yang ditandai dengan kecepatan tinggi, latensi rendah, dan konektivitas yang luas. Namun, kinerja jaringan 5G sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan. Misalnya, struktur bangunan yang padat di daerah urban dapat memengaruhi kinerja dibandingkan dengan kondisi yang lebih terbuka yang umumnya ditemukan di daerah suburban. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan kinerja jaringan seluler 5G di lingkungan urban dan suburban menggunakan dua model propagasi: Sakagami Extended dan Stanford University Interim (SUI). Metodologi penelitian menggunakan simulasi berbasis MATLAB pada frekuensi 2,3 GHz dengan lebar pita 10 MHz. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi path loss, Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), dan data rate. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa model Sakagami Extended memberikan performa yang lebih baik dibandingkan model SUI di seluruh parameter. Nilai rata-rata Pathloss yang dihasilkan Sakagami Extended adalah 138,44 dB di area urban dan 130,79 dB di area suburban, lebih rendah sekitar 9–12% dibanding SUI. Nilai RSSI tercatat −93,67 dBm di urban dan −86,02 dBm di suburban, atau sekitar 15–18% lebih kuat dibandingkan model SUI. Pada parameter SINR, Sakagami Extended menghasilkan −0,13 dB di urban dan 7,52 dB di suburban, jauh lebih tinggi dibanding SUI yang bernilai negatif. Oleh karena itu, data rate yang dihasilkan mencapai 18,6 Mbps di urban dan 32,61 Mbps di suburban, sedangkan SUI hanya sekitar 7,61 Mbps dan 8,63 Mbps. Secara keseluruhan, Sakagami Extended terbukti lebih akurat dan konsisten dalam memprediksi kinerja jaringan 5G, serta lebih sesuai digunakan untuk perencanaan jaringan di lingkungan urban maupun suburban.

The development of mobile communication technology has now entered the 5G era, characterized by high speed, low latency, and extensive connectivity. However, the performance of 5G networks is significantly influenced by environmental factors. For instance, dense building structures in urban areas can adversely affect network performance compared to the more open conditions typically found in suburban areas. This study aims to analyze and compare the performance of 5G cellular networks in urban and suburban environments using two propagation models: the Sakagami Extended model and the Stanford University Interim (SUI) model. The research methodology involves MATLAB-based simulations conducted at a frequency of 2.3 GHz with a bandwidth of 10 MHz. The parameters analyzed include path loss, Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), and data rate. The simulation results indicate that the Sakagami Extended model outperforms the SUI model across all parameters. For example, the average path loss using the Sakagami Extended model is 138.44 dB in urban areas and 130.79 dB in suburban areas, which is approximately 9–12% lower than that of the SUI model. The recorded RSSI value for urban areas was −93.67 dBm and −86.02 dBm for suburban areas, representing a strength 15–18% greater than the SUI model. In terms of SINR, the Sakagami Extended model produced values of −0.13 dB in urban areas and 7.52 dB in suburban areas, significantly higher than those of the SUI model, which yielded negative values. Consequently, the resulting data rates achieved were 18.6 Mbps in urban areas and 32.61 Mbps in suburban areas, while the SUI model only reached approximately 7.61 Mbps and 8.63 Mbps. Overall, the Sakagami Extended model has proven to be more accurate and consistent in predicting 5G network performance, making it more suitable for network planning in both urban and suburban environments.