Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ANALISIS IMPLIKASI KEBIJAKAN PENERBITAN KARTU KELUARGA BAGI PASANGAN NIKAH SIRI
(SUATU PENELITIAN DI KABUPATEN ACEH SELATAN)

Nanda Zulisma Yenni*
Azhari**
M. Adli***
ABSTRAK
Fenomena nikah siri di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan menimbulkan persoalan hukum dan administratif, khususnya terkait penerbitan Kartu Keluarga (KK) yang seharusnya berdasarkan perkawinan sah dan tercatat sesuai Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019, serta Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006. Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan. Kebijakan pemerintah daerah yang tetap memfasilitasi penerbitan KK bagi pasangan nikah siri dengan merujuk pada Permendagri Nomor 108 Tahun 2019 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan UU Administrasi Kependudukan menimbulkan dilema antara kepatuhan terhadap hukum negara dan pemenuhan hak-hak sipil masyarakat.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan latar belakang terjadinya nikah siri di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan, menganalisis dan menjelaskan kebijakan pemerintah Dukcapil dalam memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap pernikahan siri, dan menganalisis dan menjelaskan implikasi dari kebijakan penerbitan kartu keluarga bagi pasangan nikah siri.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologis. Data diperoleh dari wawancara langsung dengan responden, dan studi pustaka yang bersumber dari peraturan perundang-undangan, buku, jurnal. Analisis data menggunakan metode kualitatif yang fokus pada pengamatan yang mendalam.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pernikahan siri terjadi karena adanya kombinasi antara faktor ekonomi, agama, budaya, sosial, serta minimnya pemahaman hukum. Banyak masyarakat memilih pernikahan siri karena lebih praktis, murah, atau dianggap cukup sah menurut agama meskipun tidak diakui oleh negara. Meskipun Dukcapil dapat menerbitkan Kartu Keluarga (KK) untuk pasangan nikah siri guna keperluan administrasi (misalnya pendidikan dan kesehatan anak), kebijakan ini tidak menjadikan pernikahan tersebut sah menurut hukum negara, karena pencatatan nikah tetap menjadi kewenangan Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) dan pengadilan. Kebijakan ini bersifat administratif, bukan legal formal, sehingga perlindungan hukum terhadap isteri dan anak dari pernikahan siri tetap lemah, terutama dalam hal warisan, hak atas nafkah, pengakuan anak, dan penyelesaian sengketa perdata. Undang-undang perkawinan menyatakan bahwa perkawinan harus dicatatkan agar sah menurut hukum negara, sedangkan

* Mahasiswa Program Studi Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala.
*** Pembimbing Utama, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala.
*** Pembimbing Pendamping, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala.


nikah siri tidak memenuhi syarat pencatatan resmi. Penerbitan KK bagi pasangan siri memberi kesan seolah-olah negara mengakui pernikahan yang tidak sah secara hukum, sehingga dapat menimbulkan multitafsir, ketidakkonsistenan kebijakan, dan konflik norma hukum.
Penelitian ini menyarankan untuk mengatasi faktor-faktor terjadinya pernikahan siri di masyarakat, diperlukan peningkatan edukasi hukum kepada masyarakat, penyederhanaan proses dan biaya pencatatan pernikahan, serta penguatan peran tokoh agama dan adat dalam mendorong pernikahan tercatat. Agar kebijakan penerbitan Kartu Keluarga (KK) lebih efektif dalam menjamin perlindungan hukum terhadap pernikahan siri, perlu dilakukan penyederhanaan prosedur pencatatan nikah, perluasan layanan isbat nikah terpadu, serta peningkatan edukasi hukum kepada masyarakat, sehingga pernikahan tercatat secara sah dan hak-hak keluarga dapat terlindungi secara hukum. Agar penerbitan Kartu Keluarga (KK) bermanfaat bagi pasangan nikah siri, perlu ada penguatan regulasi, edukasi masyarakat, dan langkah lanjutan menuju pencatatan nikah resmi.

Kata Kunci: Pernikahan, Nikah Siri, Kartu Keluarga.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLICATIONS OF FAMILY CARD ISSUANCE POLICY FOR COUPLES WITH UNREGARDED MARRIAGES Nanda Zulisma Yenni* Azhari** M. Adli*** ABSTRACT The issuance of Family Cards for unregistered couples demonstrates the government's efforts to provide administrative identity, but legally, it presents a dilemma. On the one hand, this policy is considered ineffective in providing comprehensive legal protection because unregistered marriages remain unregistered under Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. On the other hand, this policy has potential legal implications, as it could be perceived as granting administrative recognition to marriages that are not valid under state law, thus risking undermining the principle of legality in the Indonesian marriage legal system. This study aims to analyze and explain the background of the occurrence of unregistered marriages, analyze and explain the government's policy of Dukcapil in providing legal protection for unregistered marriages, and analyze and explain the implications of the policy of issuing family cards for unregistered marriage couples. This research is a normative juridical study. The approaches used in this study are the statute approach, the conceptual approach, and the case approach. Data were collected through library research, obtained, compiled, and analyzed qualitatively, then described in descriptive form. The research results show that unregistered marriages occur due to a combination of economic, religious, cultural, and social factors, as well as a lack of legal understanding. Many people choose unregistered marriages because they are more practical, cheaper, or considered valid according to religion, even though they are not recognized by the state. Although the Civil Registration Department (Dukcapil) can issue Family Cards (KK) to unregistered couples for administrative purposes (e.g., children's education and health), this policy does not make the marriages legally valid, as marriage registration remains the responsibility of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) and the courts. This policy is administrative, not formal legal, and therefore legal protection for wives and children of unregistered marriages remains weak, particularly in terms of inheritance, rights to maintenance, child recognition, and civil dispute resolution. The Marriage Law states that a marriage must be registered to be legally valid under state law, but *Master of Law Study Program Student, Syiah Kuala University. ** Main Advisor, Faculty of Law, Syiah Kuala University. *** Assistant Advisor, Faculty of Law, Syiah Kuala University. unregistered marriages do not meet the requirements for official registration. Issuing KKs to unregistered couples creates the impression that the state recognizes marriages that are not legally valid, which can lead to multiple interpretations, policy inconsistencies, and conflicts of legal norms. This study suggests that to address the factors that contribute to unregistered marriages in society, it is necessary to improve legal education for the public, simplify the process and costs of marriage registration, and strengthen the role of religious and traditional leaders in encouraging registered marriages. In order for the policy of issuing Family Cards (KK) to be more effective in ensuring legal protection for unregistered marriages, it is necessary to simplify marriage registration procedures, expand integrated marriage registration services, and improve legal education for the public, so that marriages are legally registered and family rights can be legally protected. In order for the issuance of Family Cards (KK) to be beneficial for unregistered marriage couples, there is a need for strengthening regulations, public education, and further steps towards official marriage registration. Keywords: Marriage, Siri Marriage, Family Card.