Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pentingnya kebijakan distribusi pupuk bersubsidi sebagai instrumen pemerintah untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian dan kesejahteraan petani kecil di Indonesia. Namun, dalam praktiknya di Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara, implementasi kebijakan tersebut masih menghadapi berbagai kendala seperti kelangkaan pupuk, harga yang melebihi Harga Eceran Tertinggi (HET), serta lemahnya koordinasi antar pihak terkait. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan pemerintah dalam distribusi pupuk bersubsidi di Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan dari George C. Edward III, yang menekankan empat aspek utama yaitu komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi terhadap delapan informan yang meliputi pejabat Dinas Pertanian, anggota DPRK, penyuluh pertanian, distributor, pengecer, dan Petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan belum berjalan optimal karena lemahnya komunikasi antar lembaga, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia dan sarana distribusi, serta rendahnya efektivitas pengawasan. Distribusi pupuk juga belum sepenuhnya memenuhi prinsip “enam tepat” (tepat jenis, jumlah, harga, tempat, waktu, dan mutu). Pemerintah daerah dinilai perlu memperkuat sistem koordinasi dan pengawasan lintas lembaga, memperbaiki sistem pendataan penerima subsidi, serta mengembangkan mekanisme digital seperti Kartu Tani untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan ketepatan sasaran. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi peningkatan efektivitas kebijakan pupuk bersubsidi di tingkat daerah serta menjadi rujukan bagi penelitian selanjutnya di bidang kebijakan publik dan pertanian.
Kata Kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, Pupuk Bersubsidi, Distribusi, Aceh Tenggara, Enam Tepat

the importance of the subsidized fertilizer distribution policy as a government instrument to improve agricultural productivity and enhance the welfare of small farmers in Indonesia. However, in practice, the implementation of this policy in Aceh Tenggara Regency still faces several challenges, such as fertilizer shortages, prices exceeding the Maximum Retail Price (MRP), and weak coordination among relevant stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of the government policy on subsidized fertilizer distribution in Aceh Tenggara Regency and to identify the factors that hinder its implementation. This research applies George C. Edward III’s policy implementation theory, which emphasizes four key variables: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving eight informants, including officials from the Agriculture Office, members of the local parliament (DPRK), agricultural extension officers, distributors, retailers, and farmer groups. The findings reveal that the policy implementation has not been fully effective due to weak interagency communication, limited human and logistical resources, and inadequate supervision mechanisms. The distribution process also fails to consistently meet the “Six Accuracy Principles” (right type, quantity, price, place, time, and quality). The study recommends strengthening coordination among institutions, improving monitoring and supervision systems, enhancing the accuracy of farmer data, and developing digital mechanisms such as the Farmer Card (Kartu Tani) to ensure transparency and accurate targeting. This research is expected to contribute to the improvement of local-level policy implementation regarding subsidized fertilizer distribution and to serve as a reference for future studies on public policy and agricultural governance. Keywords: Policy Implementation, Subsidized Fertilizer, Distribution, Aceh Tenggara, Six Accuracy Principle