Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kakao merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya yang dikenal memiliki kualitas tinggi di Provinsi Aceh, dengan total produksi mencapai 5.628 ton pada tahun 2023. Namun, produktivitas kakao mengalami penurunan akibat serangan hama dan penyakit, serta usia tanaman yang sudah tidak produktif, disertai dengan berkurangnya luas lahan setiap tahunnya. Kondisi ini menuntut adanya penerapan sistem ketertelusuran (traceability) dalam rantai pasok kakao guna memastikan keberlanjutan dan daya saing kakao Pidie Jaya terhadap daerah penghasil utama seperti Sulawesi. Traceability berperan penting dalam menyediakan informasi mengenai asal-usul, proses produksi, dan distribusi suatu produk, sehingga seluruh pelaku rantai pasok memiliki akses informasi yang transparan baik ke arah hulu (upstream) maupun hilir (downstream).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sistem rantai pasok kakao di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya, menganalisis kesiapan pelaku rantai pasok dan pemangku kepentingan dalam implementasi sistem traceability, serta merumuskan tindakan perbaikan terhadap kesiapan tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Agustus–Desember 2024 di delapan kecamatan di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan petani, pengumpul, industri pengolahan kakao (Socolatte dan Rumoh Coklat), serta instansi pemerintah terkait, yaitu Dinas Perindustrian, Perdagangan, dan Koperasi serta Dinas Perkebunan dan Peternakan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Data yang digunakan meliputi data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara, serta studi pustaka.
Hasil analisis gap menunjukkan bahwa petani dan pengumpul berada pada kategori “hampir siap” dalam penerapan sistem traceability berdasarkan aspek teknis, ekonomi, dan mutu, serta “siap” pada aspek sosial. Industri pengolah (Socolatte dan Rumoh Coklat) telah menunjukkan kesiapan penuh dalam implementasi sistem traceability. Sementara itu, pemerintah Kabupaten Pidie Jaya sebagai pemangku kepentingan dinilai “siap” dari aspek teknis, ekonomi, dan sosial, serta “hampir siap” dari aspek mutu. Upaya perbaikan yang disarankan meliputi peningkatan kolaborasi antara pemerintah daerah dan lembaga masyarakat dalam memfasilitasi pelaku rantai pasok melalui penyediaan gudang penyimpanan, fasilitas uji mutu kakao, serta kegiatan sosialisasi mengenai pentingnya penerapan sistem traceability untuk menjaga kualitas dan daya saing kakao Pidie Jaya.

Cocoa is one of the leading commodities in Pidie Jaya Regency, Aceh Province, well-known for its high quality, with a total production of 5,628 tons in 2023. However, cocoa productivity has declined due to pest and disease attacks, the aging of unproductive trees, and the decreasing area of cocoa plantations each year. These conditions highlight the need for a traceability system within the cocoa supply chain to ensure sustainability and enhance the competitiveness of Pidie Jaya cocoa against major producing regions such as Sulawesi. Traceability plays an essential role in providing information regarding the origin, production process, and distribution of products, allowing all supply chain actors to access transparent information both upstream and downstream. This study aims to identify the cocoa supply chain system in Pidie Jaya Regency, analyze the readiness of supply chain actors and stakeholders in implementing the traceability system, and propose improvement actions to enhance readiness. The research was conducted from August to December 2024 in eight subdistricts of Pidie Jaya Regency. Data were collected through field observations and interviews with farmers, collectors, cocoa processing industries (Socolatte and Rumoh Coklat), and relevant government institutions such as the Department of Industry, Trade, and Cooperatives, as well as the Department of Plantation and Livestock of Pidie Jaya Regency. Both primary and secondary data were used, obtained from direct observations, interviews, and literature studies. The gap analysis results show that farmers and collectors are “almost ready” to implement the traceability system in terms of technical, economic, and quality aspects, and “ready” in the social aspect. The processing industries (Socolatte and Rumoh Coklat) are already fully prepared for implementation. Meanwhile, the local government of Pidie Jaya, as the key stakeholder, is “ready” in technical, economic, and social aspects, and “almost ready” in terms of quality. Recommended improvement actions include strengthening collaboration between local governments and community organizations to facilitate supply chain actors through the provision of storage warehouses, cocoa quality testing facilities, and outreach programs on the importance of traceability implementation to maintain the quality and competitiveness of Pidie Jaya cocoa.