Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengeksplorasi potensi limbah padat ikan tuna sebagai sumber gelatin alternatif melalui perlakuan pendahuluan (pre-treatment) menggunakan kombinasi konsentrasi larutan basa NaOH dan asam H2SO4. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi NaOH dengan taraf N1=0,10%, N2=0,15% dan N3=0,30%. Faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi H2SO4 dengan taraf H1=0,10%, H2=0,15% dan H3=0,30% dengan 3 ulangan. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan gelatin dengan rendemen berkisar antara 12,57%- 19,45%, pH 6,65-7,58, aktivitas emulsi 20,04 m2/g-32,34 m2/g, kapasitas busa 23,3%- 90%, stabilitas busa 25%-65%, WHC 42,3%-64,8%, dan kelarutan 85,2-97,4%. Nilai viskositas berkisar antara 3,4-8,1 cP sementara kekuatan gel berkisar antara 95-675 g Bloom yang sebagian besar tidak memenuhi standar GMIA. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu pada perlakuan N2H1 karena memiliki rendemen yang cukup tinggi, kapasitas busa, stabilitas busa dan aktivitas emulsi yang tinggi. Selain itu viskositas dan kekuatan gel perlakuan N2H1 sudah memenuhi standar GMIA.
Kata Kunci : Gelatin, ikan tuna, perlakuan pendahuluan

This study aims to explore the potential of solid waste from tuna fish as an alternative source of gelatin through pre-treatment using a combination of NaOH alkaline and H2SO4 acid solution concentrations. The research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors. The first factor was the concentration of NaOH with levels N1=0.10%, N2=0.15%, and N3=0.30%. The second factor was the concentration of H2SO4 with levels H1=0.10%, H2=0.15%, and H3=0.30% each replicated three times. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by the DMRT test. The results produced gelatin with yields ranging from 12.57% to 19.45%, pH of 6.65 to 7.58, emulsifying activity of 20.04 m²/g to 32.34 m²/g, foam capacity of 23.3% to 90%, foam stability of 25% to 65%, water-holding capacity (WHC) of 42.3% to 64.8%, and solubility of 85.2% to 97.4%. Viscosity values ranged from 3.4 to 8.1 cP, while gel strength ranged from 95 to 675 g Bloom, with most not meeting the GMIA standards. The best treatment was N2H1 as it showed a relatively high yield, foam capacity, foam stability, and emulsifying activity. Furthermore, the viscosity and gel strength of treatment N2H1 met the GMIA standards. Keywords: Gelatin, tuna fish, pre-treatment