Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Tepung jernang (Dragon blood), salah satu hasil hutan bukan kayu dengan nilai
ekonomi tinggi dari Provinsi Aceh, sering kali mengalami pemalsuan dengan bahan seperti
kulit pohon pinus dan bubuk batu bata, yang sulit dideteksi secara visual. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengembangkan metode autentikasi tepung jernang yang cepat, akurat, dan
mudah dioperasikan menggunakan teknologi Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). Sampel
meliputi tepung jernang murni yang dicampur dengan kulit pohon pinus dari Takengon
(Mendale, Origon, Toa) dan bubuk batu bata (Bireuen, Kajhu, Cot Keueng) dalam komposisi
hingga 5%. Analisis spektrum dilakukan dengan perangkat NIRS Thermo Nicolet Antaris IITM
MDS pada rentang panjang gelombang 1000-2500 nm, menggunakan aplikasi Unscrambler X
10.4. Spektrum menunjukkan pola penyerapan khas ikatan O-H (1400-1500 nm, 1900-2000
nm) dan C-H (1700-1800 nm, 2200-2300 nm), mencerminkan senyawa bioaktif jernang,
selulosa pinus, dan gugus Si-OH/Al-OH batu bata. Metode Principal Component Analysis
(PCA) berhasil menjelaskan 100% variasi data pada PC-1, dengan scatter plot menunjukkan
pemisahan jelas antara sampel murni dan campuran, didukung loading plot yang
mengidentifikasi variabel kunci. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa kombinasi NIRS dan
PCA dapat mendeteksi autentikasi tepung jernang dari campuran pemalsu dengan akurasi
tinggi, menawarkan solusi non-destruktif untuk pengujian kualitas.
Kata Kunci: Tepung Jernang, Autentikasi, Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), Principal
Component Analysis (PCA).

Dragon blood powder (jernang), a highly valued non-timber forest product originating from Aceh Province, is frequently subjected to adulteration with materials such as pine tree bark and brick powder, posing challenges for visual detection. This study seeks to develop a rapid, precise, and accessible authentication method for jernang powder utilizing Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) technology. The samples comprised pure jernang powder blended with pine bark sourced from Takengon (Mendale, Origon, Toa) and brick powder from Bireuen, Kajhu, and Cot Keueng, with admixture levels reaching up to 5%. Spectral analysis was executed using a Thermo Nicolet Antaris IITM MDS NIRS device across a wavelength range of 1000-2500 nm, with data processing conducted via Unscrambler X 10.4 software. The resulting spectra exhibited distinctive absorption patterns, including O-H bonds (1400-1500 nm, 1900-2000 nm) and C-H bonds (1700-1800 nm, 2200-2300 nm), reflecting the bioactive compounds in jernang, pine cellulose, and Si-OH/Al-OH groups in brick powder. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method effectively accounted for 100% of the data variance on PC-1, with scatter plots revealing clear differentiation between pure and adulterated samples, further supported by loading plots that highlighted key variables. These findings affirm that the synergistic application of NIRS and PCA enables accurate authentication of jernang powder from adulterated mixtures, presenting a non-destructive and efficient solution for quality assessment. Keywords: Jernang Powder, Authentication, Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), Principal Component Analysis (PCA).