Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Abstrak. Babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) merupakan jenis gulma yang mampu menghasilkan alelopati dan memiliki potensi sebagai bioherbisida. Salah satu jenis pelarut yang mempunyai karakteristik sebagai pelarut semi polar adalah etil asetat. Secara selektif pelarut etil asetat akan menarik senyawa-senyawa yang bersifat semi polar seperti fenol dan terpenoid sehingga pelarut ini sangat baik digunakan dalam proses ekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etil asetat babadotan terhadap pertumbuhan dan anatomi daun gulma bayam duri (Amaranthus spinosus L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Laboratorium Ilmu Gulma Jurusan Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian, Laboratorium Analisis Pangan Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian, Laboratorium Struktur dan Perkembangan Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Syiah Kuala berlangsung sejak Desember 2022 hingga Mei 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan pola non faktorial dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu, kontrol positif (herbisida 2,4-D), kontrol negatif (aquades), ekstrak etil asetat babadotan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% dan 3 ulangan. Aplikasi ekstrak etil asetat babadotan konsentrasi 10% mampu mematikan bayam duri dengan menghambat pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, luas daun, panjang akar, bobot kering tajuk, bobot kering akar dan mesofil daun. Hasil uji fitokimia ekstrak etil asetat babadotan positif senyawa alkoloid, terpenoid, steroid, dan flavonoid.
Kata Kunci: Ageratum conyzoides, anatomi daun, etil asetat

Abstract. Goatweed (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is a type of weed that is capable of producing allelopathy and has potential as a bioherbicide. One type of solvent that has the characteristics of being a semi-polar solvent is ethyl acetate Selectively, the ethyl acetate solvent will attract semi-polar compounds such as phenols and terpenoids, so this solvent is very good for use in the extraction process. This study aims to determine the effect of goatweed ethyl acetate extract on the growth and leaf anatomy of spinach thorn weed (Amaranthus spinosus L.). This research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture's Experimental Garden, Weed Science Laboratory of Agrotechnology Department of Agriculture Faculty, Food Analysis Laboratory of Agricultural Products Technology Department of Agriculture Faculty, Structure and Development Laboratory of Biology Department of Syiah Kuala University from December 2022 to May 2023. This research used a completely randomized design with a non-factorial pattern with 6 treatments that is positive control (herbicide 2,4-D), negative control (distilled water), goatweed ethyl acetate extract with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% and 3 repetitions. Application of 10% concentration of goatweed ethyl acetate extract was able to kill thorny spinach by inhibiting the growth of plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area, root length, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and leaf mesophyll. Phytochemical analysis of goatweed ethyl acetate extract were positive for alkoloid, terpenoid, steroid and flavonoid compounds. Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides, leaf anatomy, ethyl acetate