Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Keanekaragaman hayati Indonesia menghadapi ancaman serius akibat deforestasi, perburuan liar, dan perubahan iklim yang menyebabkan penurunan populasi satwa secara signifikan. Upaya pemantauan satwa liar melalui metode Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) yang ada saat ini masih menghadapi keterbatasan dalam hal pengambilan data yang dilakukan secara manual, sistem perekaman yang aktif secara terus-menerus sehingga boros penyimpanan, serta ketergantungan pada baterai konvensional yang membatasi operasional perangkat di kawasan hutan terpencil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem monitoring satwa liar berbasis audio capture yang dilengkapi dengan mekanisme pengambilan data secara nirkabel menggunakan drone berbasis protokol socket programming, perekaman berbasis deteksi suara, serta sumber energi mandiri berbasis panel surya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) yang dilaksanakan secara bertahap, meliputi studi literatur, perancangan dan implementasi sistem menggunakan Raspberry Pi 5 dan mikrofon USB, pengembangan mekanisme socket programming untuk transfer data nirkabel antara perangkat perekam sebagai server dan perangkat pengambil data sebagai client, serta pengujian dan evaluasi sistem secara langsung di kawasan Hutan. Penelitian ini diharapkan menghasilkan prototipe sistem monitoring satwa liar dengan menggunakan metode audio capture dengan pengambilan data berbasis komunikasi socket programming yang mampu beroperasi untuk mendukung upaya konservasi keanekaragaman hayati di kawasan hutan lindung yang sulit dijangkau.
Kata Kunci : Keanekaragaman Hayati, Audio Capture, Socket Programming, Raspberry Pi, Panel Surya, Konservasi Satwa Liar.

Indonesia's biodiversity faces serious threats from deforestation, poaching, and climate change, which have led to a significant decline in wildlife populations. Current wildlife monitoring efforts through Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) still face limitations, including manual data retrieval, continuously active recording systems that consume excessive storage, and reliance on conventional batteries that restrict device operation in remote forest areas. This research aims to design and implement an audio capture-based wildlife monitoring system equipped with a wireless data retrieval mechanism using a drone based on the socket programming protocol, sound detection-based recording, and an independent solar-powered energy source. This research employs an experimental method with a Research and Development (R&D) approach, carried out in stages comprising a literature study, system design and implementation using a Raspberry Pi 5 and USB microphone, development of a socket programming mechanism for wireless data transfer between the recording device acting as a server and the data retrieval device acting as a client, and direct system testing and evaluation in a forest area. This research is expected to produce a prototype wildlife monitoring system using the audio capture method with data retrieval based on socket programming communication, capable of operating to support biodiversity conservation efforts in hard-to-reach protected forest areas. Keywords: Biodiversity, Audio Capture, Socket Programming, Raspberry Pi, Solar Panel, Wildlife Conservation.