Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Persaingan antar perguruan tinggi swasta yang semakin kompetitif menuntut institusi memiliki kemampuan beradaptasi terhadap perubahan lingkungan sekaligus mempertahankan keunggulan bersaing secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh leadership, innovation strategy, dan strategic flexibility terhadap organizational agility dan sustainable competitive advantage, serta menguji peran mediasi organizational agility dan peran moderasi technology utilization pada perguruan tinggi swasta di Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei eksplanatori. Populasi penelitian meliputi seluruh perguruan tinggi swasta di Provinsi Aceh. Sampel terdiri atas 300 responden yang mewakili 60 perguruan tinggi swasta, dengan unit analisis pada tingkat institusi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara deskriptif seluruh variabel berada pada kondisi yang baik. Secara verifikatif, leadership, innovation strategy, dan strategic flexibility berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational agility maupun sustainable competitive advantage. Selanjutnya, organizational agility terbukti berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap sustainable competitive advantage. Pengujian mediasi menunjukkan bahwa organizational agility berperan sebagai partial mediator dalam hubungan antara leadership, innovation strategy, dan strategic flexibility terhadap sustainable competitive advantage. Sementara itu, technology utilization tidak terbukti memoderasi hubungan antara organizational agility dan sustainable competitive advantage. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keunggulan bersaing berkelanjutan pada perguruan tinggi swasta lebih ditentukan oleh kemampuan organisasi dalam membangun kapabilitas adaptif melalui kepemimpinan, strategi inovasi, fleksibilitas strategi, dan organizational agility dibandingkan oleh tingkat pemanfaatan teknologi semata. Temuan ini memperkuat perspektif Dynamic Capability Theory, yang menekankan bahwa kemampuan organisasi dalam mengintegrasikan, mengadaptasi, dan mengoordinasikan berbagai kapabilitas internal menjadi faktor utama dalam menciptakan keunggulan bersaing berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci: Leadership, Innovation Strategy, Strategic Flexibility, Organizational Agility, Technology Utilization, Sustainable Competitive Advantage, Perguruan Tinggi Swasta.

The increasing competition among private higher education institutions requires organizations to enhance their adaptive capabilities while maintaining sustainable competitive advantage. This study aims to examine the effects of leadership, innovation strategy, and strategic flexibility on organizational agility and sustainable competitive advantage, as well as to investigate the mediating role of organizational agility and the moderating role of technology utilization within private higher education institutions in Aceh Province, Indonesia. A quantitative explanatory survey was employed. The study involved 300 respondents representing 60 private higher education institutions, with the institution serving as the unit of analysis. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that all research variables are descriptively in good condition. Structurally, leadership, innovation strategy, and strategic flexibility have positive and significant effects on both organizational agility and sustainable competitive advantage. Furthermore, organizational agility exerts a positive and significant influence on sustainable competitive advantage. Mediation analysis reveals that organizational agility partially mediates the relationships between leadership, innovation strategy, and strategic flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage. However, technology utilization does not significantly moderate the relationship between organizational agility and sustainable competitive advantage. This study concludes that sustainable competitive advantage in private higher education institutions is primarily driven by the organization's ability to develop adaptive capabilities through leadership, innovation strategy, strategic flexibility, and organizational agility rather than by technology utilization alone. These findings reinforce the Dynamic Capability Theory, emphasizing that the ability to integrate, adapt, and coordinate organizational capabilities is more critical than merely possessing technological resources in achieving sustainable competitive advantage. Keywords: Leadership, Innovation Strategy, Strategic Flexibility, Organizational Agility, Technology Utilization, Sustainable Competitive Advantage, Private Higher Education Institutions.