Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pakan merupakan komponen terbesar dalam biaya produksi ayam broiler sehingga diperlukan bahan pakan alternatif yang ekonomis, mudah diperoleh, dan tetap mampu mempertahankan produktivitas ternak. Salah satu limbah agroindustri yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pakan adalah kulit ari kedelai ampas tempe. Bahan ini masih mengandung protein dan energi, namun penggunaannya pada unggas terbatas karena kandungan serat kasar yang tinggi. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas nutrisinya adalah melalui fermentasi, yang dapat menurunkan kadar serat kasar, meningkatkan kecernaan nutrien, serta memperbaiki kualitas bahan pakan. Penggunaan tepung kulit ari kedelai fermentasi diharapkan mampu mempertahankan fungsi organ dalam serta menjaga integritas histomorfologi ileum sebagai tempat absorpsi nutrien. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan tepung limbah kulit ari kedelai ampas tempe fermentasi dan tanpa fermentasi terhadap bobot organ dalam dan profil vili ileum ayam broiler. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP), Departemen Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian dan Laboratorium Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh selama 35 hari. Sebanyak 100 ekor day old chick (DOC) ayam broiler strain MB90 digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) subsampel yang terdiri atas lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan dengan dua subsampel pada setiap ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi RA (100% ransum komersial), RB (5% tepung kulit ari kedelai tanpa fermentasi), RC (10% tepung kulit ari kedelai tanpa fermentasi), RD (5% tepung kulit ari kedelai fermentasi), dan RE (10% tepung kulit ari kedelai fermentasi). Parameter yang diamati meliputi bobot dan persentase organ dalam, serta profil histomorfologi ileum yang terdiri atas tinggi vili, lebar vili, kedalaman kripta, dan luas permukaan vili. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA), dan apabila menunjukkan pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung kulit ari kedelai fermentasi maupun tanpa fermentasi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap bobot dan persentase organ dalam serta tinggi vili ileum ayam broiler. Namun, perlakuan memberikan pengaruh nyata (P

Feed represents the largest component of broiler production costs; therefore, there is a need for alternative feed ingredients that are economical, readily available, and capable of maintaining livestock productivity. One agro-industrial byproduct with potential as a feed ingredient is the soybean hull residue from tempeh production. While this material contains protein and energy, its use in poultry is limited by its high crude fiber content. Fermentation is one method to improve its nutritional quality, as it can reduce crude fiber levels, enhance nutrient digestibility, and upgrade the quality of the feed ingredient. The use of fermented soybean hull meal is expected to maintain internal organ function and preserve the histomorphological integrity of the ileum, the primary site of nutrient absorption. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of using fermented versus non-fermented soybean hull residue meal on internal organ weights and ileal villus profiles in broiler chickens. The research was conducted over 35 days at the Livestock Field Laboratory (LLP) of the Department of Animal Science (Faculty of Agriculture) and the laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. A total of 100 day-old chicks (DOC) of the MB90 broiler strain were used. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with subsampling was employed, consisting of five treatments and four replicates, with two subsamples per replicate. The treatments were RA (100% commercial ration), RB (5% non-fermented soybean hull meal), RC (10% non-fermented soybean hull meal), RD (5% fermented soybean hull meal), and RE (10% fermented soybean hull meal). Observed parameters included internal organ weights and percentages, as well as ileal histomorphological profiles (villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and villus surface area). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and significant effects were further analyzed using Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The research results indicate that the use of fermented or non-fermented soybean hull meal did not significantly affect (P>0.05) the weight and percentage of internal organs or the ileal villus height of broiler chickens. However, the treatments did have a significant effect (P