Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Perkawinan adalah ikatan lahir batin antara seorang pria dengan seorang perempuan sebagai suami istri dengan tujuan membentuk keluarga (rumah tangga) yang bahagia dan kekal berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa. Prinsip utama dari perkawinan adalah kesukarelaan dari kedua belah pihak, sehingga setiap bentuk perkawinan yang dilakukan dengan unsur paksaan bertentanggan degan hak asasi manusia, hukum nasional, maupun norma agama. Pasal 10 Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (UU TPKS) melarang pemaksaan perkawinan. Namun dalam praktiknya, fenomena pemaksaan perkawinan masih terjadi diberbagai daerah di Indonesia, termasuk di Aceh Tengah.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis praktik pemaksaan perkawinan di masyarakat Aceh Tengah, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mendorong terjadinya, serta mengidentifikasi hambatan dalam penegakkan tindak pidana pemaksaan perkawinan berdasarkan UU TPKS dalam masyarakat Aceh Tengah.

Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan melalui kajian perundang-undangan dan reserensi serta studi lapangan dengan wawancara responden dan informan. Data yang terkumpul kemudian di analisis secara kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik pemaksaan perkawinan di Aceh Tengah masih terjadi. Prosesnya terjadi melalui tekanan sosial dan keluarga yang berujung pada perkawinan tanpa persetujuan bebas, yang bertentangan dengan UU TPKS. Korban umumnya masih berusia anak dan belum mencukupi umur minimal untuk perkawinan berdasarkan UU Perkawinan. Faktor penyebabnya meliputi budaya, ekonomi, rendahnya pendidikan, serta lemahnya penegakan hukum. Hambatan dalam penegakan, hingga hambatan yang terjadi dalam penegkan hukum dalam kasus ini, faktor adat, ekonomi, rendahnya Pendidikan serta lemahnya penegakan terhadap upaya hukum.

Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disarankan agar pemerintah dan aparat penegak hukum meningkatkan sosialisasi mengenai larangan pemaksaan perkawinan kepada masyarakat serta memperkuat perlindungan terhadap korban. Selain itu, diperlukan peran aktif keluarga dan lingkungan sosial untuk menghormati hak individu dalam menentukan pilihan hidupnya.

Marriage is a legal and spiritual union between a man and a woman as husband and wife, established for the purpose of forming a happy and enduring family based on the belief in the Almighty God. The fundamental principle of marriage is the free and voluntary consent of both parties. Accordingly, any marriage entered into under coercion is contrary to human rights, national law, and religious norms. Article 10 of Law Number 12 of 2022 on the Crime of Sexual Violence (the Sexual Violence Crimes Law or UU TPKS) expressly prohibits forced marriage. Nevertheless, in practice, forced marriage continues to occur in various regions of Indonesia, including Central Aceh Regency. This study aims to examine and analyze the practice of forced marriage within the community of Central Aceh Regency, to identify the factors contributing to its occurrence, and to analyze the obstacles encountered in the enforcement of criminal provisions on forced marriage under the Sexual Violence Crimes Law in the region. This research employs an empirical juridical method. The data were collected through library research, including an examination of statutory regulations and relevant legal literature, as well as field research conducted through interviews with respondents and key informants. The collected data were subsequently analyzed using a qualitative approach. The findings reveal that the practice of forced marriage remains prevalent in Central Aceh. Such marriages are generally preceded by social and familial pressure that ultimately compels individuals to marry without their free and genuine consent, thereby contravening the provisions of the Sexual Violence Crimes Law. Most victims are minors who have not yet attained the minimum legal age for marriage as prescribed under the Marriage Law. The principal contributing factors include entrenched cultural practices, economic hardship, low levels of education, and weak law enforcement. Furthermore, the enforcement of criminal sanctions against forced marriage is impeded by customary influences, economic considerations, limited public awareness resulting from inadequate education, and the ineffective implementation of legal enforcement mechanisms. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the Government and law enforcement authorities intensify public awareness and educational campaigns regarding the prohibition of forced marriage while strengthening legal protection for victims. In addition, families and the wider community should play a more active role in respecting and safeguarding every individual's right to freely determine his or her marital and life choices.