Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Status gizi balita merupakan salah satu indikator penting yang mencerminkan kualitas kesehatan dan tumbuh kembang anak. Berbagai faktor, baik yang berasal dari karakteristik balita maupun kondisi keluarga, diduga berperan dalam memengaruhi status gizi balita sehingga perlu diidentifikasi untuk mendukung upaya pencegahan masalah gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap status gizi balita di Gampong Geuceu Iniem, Kota Banda Aceh, menggunakan metode Chi-Square Mantel-Haenszel. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif analitik observasional dengan data sekunder hasil survei program Desa Cantik tahun 2024 yang bekerja sama dengan Program Studi Statistika Universitas Syiah Kuala dan Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Banda Aceh. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 108 balita usia 0–60 bulan. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah status gizi balita, sedangkan variabel independen meliputi jenis kelamin, berat badan lahir, kondisi lahir, status pekerjaan ibu, pemberian ASI eksklusif, pendidikan ibu, jumlah anggota keluarga, dan pendapatan keluarga. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis deskriptif, uji Chi-Square, serta uji Mantel-Haenszel untuk mengendalikan variabel perancu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi lahir dan pemberian ASI eksklusif memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap status gizi balita dengan nilai p-value masing-masing sebesar 0,002 dan 0,032. Sementara itu, variabel jenis kelamin, berat badan lahir, status pekerjaan ibu, pendidikan ibu, jumlah anggota keluarga, dan pendapatan keluarga tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan. Hasil uji Mantel-Haenszel menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara kondisi lahir dan ASI eksklusif terhadap status gizi tetap signifikan setelah dikendalikan oleh variabel perancu. Nilai Odds Ratio Mantel-Haenszel menunjukkan bahwa balita dengan kondisi lahir normal dan mendapatkan ASI eksklusif memiliki peluang lebih besar untuk memiliki status gizi baik.

Kata kunci: Status Gizi, Balita, Asi eklusif, Mantel Haenzel, Chi-Square.

Nutritional status among children under five is an important indicator reflecting children's health and growth. Various factors, including child characteristics and family conditions, are presumed to influence the nutritional status of children under five and therefore need to be identified to support efforts in preventing nutritional problems. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the nutritional status of children under five in Gampong Geuceu Iniem, Banda Aceh City, using the Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square method. This study employed a quantitative observational analytic approach using secondary data obtained from the 2024 Desa Cantik survey conducted in collaboration with the Statistics Study Program of Syiah Kuala University and the Banda Aceh City Statistics Office (BPS). The study involved 108 children under five aged 0–60 months. The dependent variable was the nutritional status of children under five, while the independent variables included sex, birth weight, birth condition, maternal employment status, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal education, family size, and household income. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, the Chi-Square test, and the Mantel-Haenszel test to control for potential confounding variables. The results showed that birth condition and exclusive breastfeeding were significantly associated with the nutritional status of children under five, with p-values of 0.002 and 0.032, respectively. Meanwhile, sex, birth weight, maternal employment status, maternal education, family size, and household income were not significantly associated with the nutritional status of children under five. The Mantel-Haenszel analysis indicated that the associations between birth condition and nutritional status, as well as between exclusive breastfeeding and nutritional status, remained significant after controlling for confounding variables. The Mantel-Haenszel Odds Ratio showed that children under five who were born under normal birth conditions and received exclusive breastfeeding had higher odds of having good nutritional status. Keywords: Nutritional status, Tooddlers, Exclusif breatsfeeding, Mantel-Haenszel, Chi- Square.