Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pasal 54 Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika menentukan bahwa pecandu narkotika dan korban penyalahgunaan narkotika wajib menjalani rehabilitasi medis dan sosial. Selain itu, pada Pasal 103 memberikan kewenangan kepada hakim untuk memerintahkan pecandu narkotika menjalani pengobatan dan/atau perawatan melalui rehabilitasi, baik dalam hal terdakwa terbukti maupun tidak terbukti melakukan tindak pidana narkotika. Namun, berdasarkan data Direktori Putusan Mahkamah Agung periode 2020-2024, rehabilitasi tidak pernah dijatuhkan terhadap anak pelaku tindak pidana menggunakan narkotika di wilayah hukum Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh dan dijatuhkan pidana penjara.

Penulisan skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pertimbangan hakim, faktor penghambat sehingga rehabilitasi tidak pernah diberikan, serta menjelaskan dampak tidak diberikannya rehabilitasi terhadap anak pelaku tindak pidana menggunakan narkotika di wilayah hukum Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis empiris. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan hakim, jaksa, pembimbing kemasyarakatan, dan pejabat Badan Narkotika Nasional. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan yang meliputi peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, jurnal ilmiah, serta literatur yang berkaitan dengan objek penelitian.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertimbangan hakim dalam memutus perkara anak pelaku tindak pidana narkotika didasarkan pada aspek yuridis formal, seperti terpenuhinya unsur tindak pidana, alat bukti, dan ketentuan pidana, sehingga putusan yang dijatuhkan berupa pidana penjara, bukan rehabilitasi. Faktor penghambat pemberian rehabilitasi meliputi tidak adanya asesmen terpadu, tidak adanya tuntutan rehabilitasi dari jaksa, tingkat ketergantungan anak yang tidak memenuhi kriteria pecandu, status residivis, keterlibatan anak dalam peredaran narkotika, serta belum optimalnya koordinasi antar aparat penegak hukum dan ketersediaan sarana rehabilitasi. Pidana penjara tanpa rehabilitasi berdampak pada trauma psikologis, stigma sosial, tidak tertanganinya perilaku penyalahgunaan narkotika secara optimal, serta meningkatkan risiko anak kembali menggunakan narkotika dan menghambat reintegrasi sosialnya.

Disarankan agar hakim mengoptimalkan pemberian rehabilitasi terhadap anak penyalahguna narkotika. Penyidik, jaksa, Balai Pemasyarakatan, dan Badan Narkotika Nasional Kota Banda Aceh untuk memastikan asesmen terpadu dan rekomendasi rehabilitasi tersedia sejak awal proses peradilan. Pemerintah perlu meningkatkan ketersediaan fasilitas rehabilitasi serta memperkuat koordinasi antar aparat penegak hukum.

Article 54 of Law Number 35 of 2009 on Narcotics stipulates that narcotics addicts and victims of narcotics abuse are required to undergo medical and social rehabilitation. Furthermore, Article 103 authorizes judges to order narcotics addicts to undergo treatment and/or care through rehabilitation, regardless of whether the defendant is found guilty or not guilty of a narcotics-related criminal offense. However, based on data from the Supreme Court Decisions Directory for the 2020–2024 period, rehabilitation has never been imposed on juvenile offenders convicted of narcotics use within the jurisdiction of the Banda Aceh District Court. Instead, such offenders have consistently been sentenced to imprisonment. This undergraduate thesis aims to examine the judicial considerations underlying judges' decisions, identify the factors preventing the imposition of rehabilitation, and analyze the legal and social consequences of the failure to provide rehabilitation to juvenile offenders convicted of narcotics use within the jurisdiction of the Banda Aceh District Court. This study employs an empirical juridical research method. Primary data were collected through interviews with judges, public prosecutors, probation officers, and officials of the National Narcotics Agency. Secondary data were obtained through library research, including statutory regulations, court decisions, scholarly journals, and other relevant legal literature related to the subject matter of this study. The findings demonstrate that judges' considerations in adjudicating juvenile narcotics cases are primarily based on formal legal aspects, including the fulfillment of the statutory elements of the offense, the admissibility and sufficiency of evidence, and the applicable criminal provisions. Consequently, judges impose custodial sentences rather than rehabilitation measures. The principal factors hindering the imposition of rehabilitation include the absence of an integrated assessment, the lack of a prosecutorial request for rehabilitation, the juvenile offender's level of dependency not meeting the legal criteria of a narcotics addict, the offender's status as a recidivist, involvement in narcotics trafficking, and the suboptimal coordination among law enforcement agencies, as well as the limited availability of rehabilitation facilities. The imposition of imprisonment without rehabilitation has significant adverse consequences, including psychological trauma, social stigma, the failure to adequately address narcotics abuse behavior, an increased risk of relapse into narcotics use, and impediments to the juvenile offender's social reintegration. Accordingly, it is recommended that judges optimize the application of rehabilitation measures for juvenile narcotics abusers. Investigators, public prosecutors, the Probation Office (Balai Pemasyarakatan), and the Banda Aceh Municipal Office of the National Narcotics Agency should ensure that integrated assessments and rehabilitation recommendations are available from the earliest stages of the criminal justice process. In addition, the Government should expand the availability of rehabilitation facilities and strengthen coordination among law enforcement agencies.