Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Berdasarkan Pasal 71D ayat (1) Jo Pasal 59 ayat (2) huruf d Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak menyatakan bahwa setiap anak yang dieksploitasi secara ekonomi dan/atau seksual berhak mengajukan ke pengadilan berupa hak atas restitusi yang menjadi tanggung jawab pelaku kejahatan, namun dalam praktiknya penerapan hak restitusi bagi anak yang menjadi korban eksploitasi secara seksual dan ekonomi belum terlaksana di wilayah hukum Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pemenuhan hak restitusi terhadap anak korban eksploitasi secara seksual dan ekonomi, menjelaskan kendala dalam pemberian restitusi terhadap anak korban eksploitasi serta upaya mengatasi kendala dalam pemberian restitusi terhadap anak korban eksploitasi secara seksual dan ekonomi.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris. Penelitian dilakukan di Wilayah Hukum Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh melalui penelitian lapangan yang diperoleh dari wawancara langsung kepada hakim dan jaksa penuntut umum. Serta didukung dengan data kepustakaan yakni dengan mempelajari peraturan perundang-undangan, buku dan jurnal ilmiah.

Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa belum terlaksananya pemenuhan hak restitusi kepada anak korban eksploitasi secara seksual dan ekonomi karena kondisi ini semakin diperkuat dengan ditemukannya kasus-kasus eksploitasi anak yang berlangsung. Adapun kendala dalam pemberian restitusi terhadap anak korban yang di eksploitasi yaitu faktor perekonomian terdakwa, rendahnya sosialisasi dan pemahaman aparat penegak hukum serta keluarga korban, fokus pada aspek pemidanaan pelaku, Ketiadaan kantor Perwakilan Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban (LPSK) di Aceh dan belum adanya kesepakatan tertulis (MoU) antara pihak Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh dengan LPSK. Upaya untuk mengatasi kendala dalam pemberian hak restitusi bagi anak korban berupa peningkatan kapasitas aparat penegak hukum, sosialisasi kepada masyarakat dan keluarga korban, adanya penguatan peran pendamping korban dalam hal pengajuan restitusi.

Disarankan kepada aparat penegak hukum untuk mengintegrasikan pemenuhan hak restitusi secara aktif dalam setiap proses peradilan pidana dan disarankan agar adanya pembentukan regulasi kerjasama antar penegak hukum untuk penyitaan aset pelaku sejak tahap awal sebagai jaminan eksekusi, pembentukan perwakilan layanan LPSK di Aceh serta adanya MoU dengan PN Banda Aceh terkait layanan hotline perkara khusus yang berhak memperoleh restitusi, serta penguatan literasi hukum dan optimalisasi peran lembaga pendamping guna meningkatkan kesadaran korban dalam pengajuan permohonan hak restitusi.

Pursuant to Article 71D paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 59 paragraph (2) letter (d) of Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning the Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2002 on Child Protection, every child who is subjected to economic and/or sexual exploitation is entitled to file a claim for restitution before the court, with such restitution constituting the responsibility of the offender. However, in practice, the implementation of the right to restitution for child victims of economic and sexual exploitation has not yet been effectively realized within the jurisdiction of the Banda Aceh District Court. This study aims to examine the fulfillment of the right to restitution for child victims of economic and sexual exploitation, to identify the obstacles encountered in granting restitution to such victims, and to analyze the measures that may be undertaken to address these obstacles. This research employs an empirical juridical approach. The study was conducted within the jurisdiction of the Banda Aceh District Court through field research, with primary data collected from direct interviews with judges and public prosecutors. The analysis is further supported by library research through the examination of relevant statutory regulations, legal textbooks, and scholarly journals. The findings indicate that the right to restitution for child victims of economic and sexual exploitation has not been effectively implemented, as evidenced by the continued occurrence of child exploitation cases. Several factors contribute to the ineffective implementation of restitution, including the offender's limited financial capacity, inadequate public awareness and understanding among law enforcement officials and victims' families, the predominant focus on criminal punishment rather than victim compensation, the absence of a regional representative office of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban/LPSK) in Aceh, and the lack of a formal Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Banda Aceh District Court and the LPSK. Efforts to overcome these obstacles include strengthening the capacity of law enforcement officials, enhancing public awareness and legal education for victims' families, and reinforcing the role of victim assistance institutions in facilitating restitution claims. Accordingly, it is recommended that law enforcement authorities actively integrate the enforcement of victims' restitution rights into every stage of the criminal justice process. Furthermore, it is recommended that an inter-agency regulatory framework be established to facilitate the early seizure of offenders' assets as security for the execution of restitution orders, that an LPSK representative office be established in Aceh, that a Memorandum of Understanding be concluded between the Banda Aceh District Court and the LPSK concerning a dedicated hotline service for cases involving victims entitled to restitution, and that legal literacy and the institutional capacity of victim assistance organizations be strengthened to enhance victims' awareness of and access to restitution mechanisms.