Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penerapan Elektronik Akta Cerai (E-AC) merupakan salah satu bentuk pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam administrasi peradilan. Dasar hukum penerapan E-AC mengacu pada Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2024 tentang Pedoman Penerbitan Salinan Putusan dan Akta Cerai Secara Elektronik. Dalam pelaksanaannya, penerbitan E-AC di Mahkamah Syar’iyah Kota Banda Aceh belum sepenuhnya berjalan optimal dan masih ditemukan berbagai kendala teknis maupun administratif.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan mekanisme penerbitan Elektronik Akta Cerai dibandingkan dengan akta cerai konvensional, menganalisis efektivitas penerapan E-AC ditinjau dari kepastian hukum dan kekuatan pembuktiannya, serta mengidentifikasi hambatan dalam pelaksanaan penerbitan E-AC di Mahkamah Syar’iyah Kota Banda Aceh.

Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang digunakan diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi, studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan. Kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme penerbitan E-AC lebih efisien dibandingkan akta cerai konvensional karena dapat diakses secara mandiri melalui sistem elektronik. E-AC memiliki kekuatan hukum dan kekuatan pembuktian yang sama dengan akta cerai konvensional karena merupakan akta autentik dan diterbitkan oleh pejabat yang berwenang dan dilengkapi tanda tangan elektronik serta kode QR sebagai alat verifikasi keaslian dokumen. Namun, efektivitas pelaksanaan E-AC belum optimal karena masih terdapat hambatan berupa gangguan sistem, keterlambatan penginputan data dan pelaporan BHT, serta rendahnya literasi digital masyarakat.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan agar Mahkamah Agung memperkuat pengaturan terkait Elektronik Akta Cerai guna memberikan kepastian hukum dan memperluas pengakuan penggunaanya oleh instansi terkait di luar lingkungan peradilan. Mahkamah Syar’iyah Kota Banda Aceh diharapkan lebih aktif melakukan sosialisasi kepada instansi terkait dan meningkatkan pengawasan internal terhadap pelaporan Berkekuatan Hukum Tetap (BHT). Selain itu, masyarakat diharapkan lebih teliti dalam pengisian data perkara serta lebih proaktif dalam memahami penggunaan sistem E-AC guna mendukung kelancaran penerbitan akta cerai elektronik.

The implementation of the Electronic Divorce Certificate (E-AC) constitutes a form of information technology utilization in judicial administration. The legal basis for the implementation of E-AC is established under the Supreme Court Circular Letter No. 1 of 2024 concerning Guidelines for the Issuance of Electronic Copies of Judgments and Electronic Divorce Certificates. In practice, however, the issuance of E-AC at the Mahkamah Syar’iyah Banda Aceh has not been fully optimized, as various technical and administrative challenges continue to arise. This research aims to explain the mechanism for issuing Electronic Divorce Certificates in comparison with conventional divorce certificates, to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of E-AC from the perspectives of legal certainty and evidentiary value, and to identify the obstacles encountered in the issuance of E-AC at the Mahkamah Syar’iyah Banda Aceh. This study employs an empirical juridical research method using a qualitative approach. The data were collected through interviews, observations, and library research of relevant laws and regulations. The collected data were subsequently analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method. The findings indicate that the mechanism for issuing Electronic Divorce Certificates is more efficient than that of conventional divorce certificates because they can be accessed independently through an electronic system. An E-AC possesses the same legal validity and evidentiary value as a conventional divorce certificate, as it constitutes an authentic legal instrument issued by a competent authority and is authenticated by an electronic signature and a QR code for document verification. Nevertheless, the implementation of E-AC has not yet achieved optimal effectiveness due to several obstacles, including system disruptions, delays in data entry and the reporting of final and binding judgments (Berkekuatan Hukum Tetap—BHT), as well as the public's limited digital literacy. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia strengthen the regulatory framework governing Electronic Divorce Certificates in order to enhance legal certainty and broaden their recognition by relevant government institutions outside the judiciary. Furthermore, the Mahkamah Syar’iyah Banda Aceh should intensify public outreach to relevant institutions and strengthen internal supervision over the reporting of judgments that have attained final and binding legal force (BHT). In addition, members of the public are expected to exercise greater diligence in completing case-related information and to improve their understanding of the E-AC system in order to facilitate the efficient issuance of Electronic Divorce Certificates.