Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK


Daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) merupakan tanaman yang secara empiris telah digunakan sebagai obat tradisional antiinflamasi, namun bukti ilmiahnya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi profil senyawa bioaktif ekstrak etanol daun sukun menggunakan analisis GC-MS serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antiinflamasinya melalui metode inhibisi denaturasi protein BSA secara in vitro. Ekstrak etanol daun sukun diuji pada konsentrasi 25, 50, 75, 100, dan 125 ppm dengan natrium diklofenak sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil analisis GC-MS mendeteksi 47 senyawa yang didominasi oleh n-hexadecanoic acid (26,93%), asam α-linolenat (8,64%), 9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol acetate (8,55%), squalene (5,62%), dan phytol (4,85%), yang tergolong dalam kelompok asam lemak, terpenoid, sterol, dan antioksidan lipofilik. Hasil uji antiinflamasi menunjukkan hubungan dosis-respons yang linier positif dengan persamaan regresi y = 26,05 + 0,41x (R² = 0,968) dan nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 58,42 ppm. Ekstrak etanol daun sukun terbukti memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi melalui mekanisme penghambatan denaturasi protein, yang didukung oleh kerja sinergistik berbagai senyawa bioaktif dalam ekstrak, meskipun aktivitasnya lebih rendah dibandingkan natrium diklofenak. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan landasan ilmiah bagi pengembangan fitofarmaka antiinflamasi berbasis daun sukun.

Kata kunci: Artocarpus altilis, antiinflamasi, denaturasi protein, GC-MS, daun sukun

ABSTRACT Breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) have been empirically used as traditional anti-inflammatory medicine, yet scientific evidence remains limited. This study aimed to identify the bioactive compound profile of breadfruit leaf ethanol extract using GC-MS analysis and to evaluate its anti-inflammatory activity through BSA protein denaturation inhibition method in vitro. The ethanol extract was tested at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 ppm with sodium diclofenac as positive control. GC-MS analysis detected 47 compounds dominated by n-hexadecanoic acid (26.93%), alpha-linolenic acid (8.64%), 9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol acetate (8.55%), squalene (5.62%), and phytol (4.85%), belonging to fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols, and lipophilic antioxidants. Anti-inflammatory results demonstrated a positive linear dose-responsse relationship with regression equation y = 26.05 + 0.41x (R² = 0.968) and IC₅₀ value of 58.42 ppm. The ethanol extract of breadfruit leaves was proven to possess anti-inflammatory activity through protein denaturation inhibition mechanism, supported by the synergistic action of various bioactive compounds, although its activity was lower than sodium diclofenac. These findings provide a scientific basis for the development of breadfruit leaf-based anti-inflammatory phytopharmaceuticals. Keywords: anti-inflammatory, Artocarpus altilis, breadfruit leaf, GC-MS, protein denaturation