Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak menegaskan bahwa penanganan anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum dilakukan melalui pendekatan keadilan restoratif dan upaya diversi pada setiap tahapan proses peradilan, dengan berlandaskan prinsip perlindungan, keadilan, non-diskriminasi, serta kepentingan terbaik bagi anak sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 2 Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012, serta pemberian hak perlindungan, perlakuan manusiawi, dan pendampingan sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 3 Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012. Sejalan dengan itu, Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemasyarakatan menegaskan pentingnya pembinaan dan pendampingan dalam rangka reintegrasi sosial anak. Namun demikian, dalam praktiknya, pelaksanaan pendampingan terhadap klien anak binaan pemasyarakatan di Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Banda Aceh belum berjalan optimal, yang ditandai dengan keterbatasan Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan, belum optimalnya pendampingan sejak tahap awal proses peradilan, serta kendala dalam penyusunan laporan penelitian kemasyarakatan dan koordinasi antar aparat penegak hukum.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan pelaksanaan pendampingan klien anak binaan pemasyarakatan di Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Banda Aceh serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas pendampingan klien anak binaan pemasyarakatan di Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Banda Aceh.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan sosiologi hukum. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan, klien anak binaan pemasyarakatan, serta pihak terkait lainnya. Data sekunder diperoleh dari peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum, jurnal ilmiah, serta dokumen resmi yang relevan. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengaitkan temuan lapangan dengan teori dan konsep hukum yang relevan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendampingan telah dilaksanakan secara prosedural pada setiap tahapan pra-adjudikasi, adjudikasi, dan pasca-adjudikasi melalui kegiatan penelitian kemasyarakatan, pendampingan dalam proses diversi dan persidangan, serta pembimbingan lanjutan setelah putusan pengadilan. Namun demikian, pelaksanaannya belum sepenuhnya optimal karena masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, baik yang bersumber dari faktor internal lembaga seperti keterbatasan jumlah Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan dan tingginya beban kerja, maupun faktor eksternal berupa kurangnya dukungan keluarga, penerimaan masyarakat, serta koordinasi antar lembaga. Kendala tersebut berdampak pada efektivitas pendampingan dan proses reintegrasi sosial anak.
Disarankan agar Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Banda Aceh untuk memperkuat kapasitas sumber daya manusia, meningkatkan kualitas pendampingan yang berkelanjutan, serta mendorong keterlibatan keluarga dan masyarakat. Selain itu, diperlukan penguatan koordinasi antar lembaga agar tujuan pembinaan, rehabilitasi, dan reintegrasi sosial klien anak binaan pemasyarakatan dapat tercapai secara optimal.

Kata kunci: pendampingan anak, balai pemasyarakatan, sistem peradilan pidana anak, pembimbing kemasyarakatan.

Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System stipulates that the handling of children in conflict with the law shall be carried out through a restorative justice approach and diversion efforts at every stage of the criminal justice process, based on the principles of protection, justice, non-discrimination, and the best interests of the child as provided in Article 2 of the Law, as well as the provision of the rights to protection, humane treatment, and legal assistance as regulated in Article 3 of the same Law. In line with this, Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections emphasizes the importance of guidance and assistance in the context of the social reintegration of children. However, in practice, the implementation of assistance for juvenile correctional clients at the Class I Banda Aceh Correctional Center has not yet been optimal, as indicated by the limited number of probation officers, the suboptimal provision of assistance from the early stages of the judicial process, as well as constraints in the preparation of social inquiry reports and coordination among law enforcement agencies. This study aims to analyze and explain the implementation of assistance for juvenile correctional clients at the Class I Banda Aceh Correctional Center and to identify the factors affecting the effectiveness of such assistance. The research method employed is empirical juridical research with a socio-legal approach. Data were collected through interviews with probation officers, juvenile correctional clients, and other relevant parties, and supported by documentation studies. Secondary data were obtained from laws and regulations, legal literature, scientific journals, and relevant official documents. The data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method by linking field findings with relevant legal theories and concepts. The results of the study indicate that assistance has been implemented procedurally at the pre-adjudication, adjudication, and post-adjudication stages through social inquiry activities, assistance in diversion and court proceedings, and continued guidance after court decisions. However, its implementation has not been fully optimal due to various constraints, both internal factors such as the limited number of probation officers and high workload, and external factors including lack of family support, limited community acceptance, and weak inter-agency coordination. These constraints affect the effectiveness of assistance and the social reintegration process of juvenile clients. It is recommended that the Class I Banda Aceh Correctional Center strengthen its human resources capacity, improve the quality of sustainable assistance, and encourage greater involvement of families and communities. In addition, stronger inter-agency coordination is needed to ensure that the objectives of guidance, rehabilitation, and social reintegration of juvenile correctional clients can be achieved optimally. Keywords: juvenile assistance, correctional center, juvenile criminal justice system, probation officer.