Electronic Theses and Dissertation

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN INFUSA DAUN MALAKA
(Phyllanthus emblica) TERHADAP PARASITEMIA
TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) YANG
DIINFEKSI Trypanosoma evansi
ISOLAT SIMEULUE

ABSTRAK
Surra akibat Trypanosoma evansi merupakan penyakit endemik pada ternak di Indonesia yang menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi signifikan, dengan tantangan utama berupa resistensi obat tripanosidal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas infusa daun malaka (Phyllanthus emblica) dalam menghambat parasitemia pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan yang diinfeksi T. evansi isolat Simeulue, serta menentukan dosis paling efektif. Penelitian eksperimen laboratorium menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 20 ekor tikus, dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: kontrol positif (K1) dan perlakuan infusa 300 mg/kg BB (K2), 600 mg/kg BB (K3), serta 1200 mg/kg BB (K4). Infeksi diberikan secara intraperitoneal (10⁴ parasit/ekor), diikuti pemberian infusa oral selama 4 hari. Parasitemia dihitung harian menggunakan kamar Neubauer selama 5 hari, dengan analisis regresi nonlinear untuk IC₅₀. Hasil menunjukkan parasitemia rata-rata K1 mencapai 64.396 × 10³/mL, sementara K2, K3, dan K4 masing-masing menunjukkan 953 × 10³/mL (penghambatan 98,52%), 355 × 10³/mL (99,44%), dan 4.090 × 10³/mL (93,64%). Dosis 600 mg/kg BB paling efektif, dengan IC₅₀ 28,10 mg/kg BB. Infusa daun malaka berpotensi sebagai alternatif pengobatan alami yang praktis dan ekonomis untuk mengendalikan infeksi T. evansi.

Kata kunci: infusa daun malaka, parasitemia, tikus putih, Trypanosoma evansi

 

EFFECTIVENESS OF MALAKA LEAF (Phyllanthus emblica) INFUSION ON PARASITEMIA IN WHITE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) INFECTED WITH Trypanosoma evansi SIMEULUE ISOLATE ABSTRACT Surra caused by Trypanosoma evansi is an endemic disease in Indonesian livestock, causing significant economic losses with major challenges from trypanocidal drug resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of malaka leaf (Phyllanthus emblica) infusion in inhibiting parasitemia in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected with T. evansi Simeulue isolate, and to determine the most effective dose. The laboratory experimental study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 20 rats divided into 4 groups: positive control (K1), and treatment groups receiving infusions at 300 mg/kg BW (K2), 600 mg/kg BW (K3), and 1200 mg/kg BW (K4). Rats were infected intraperitoneally (10⁴ parasites/rat), followed by oral infusion administration for 4 consecutive days. Parasitemia was monitored daily for 5 days using Neubauer chamber, with IC₅₀ determined by nonlinear regression analysis. Results showed average parasitemia in K1 reached 64.396 × 10³/mL, while K2, K3, and K4 showed 953 × 10³/mL (98,52% inhibition), 355 × 10³/mL (99,44% inhibition), and 4.090 × 10³/mL (93,64% inhibition), respectively. The 600 mg/kg BW dose was most effective, with IC₅₀ of 28.10 mg/kg BW. Malaka leaf infusion shows potential as a practical, economical natural alternative for controlling T. evansi infections. Keywords: malaka leaf infusion, parasitemia, Trypanosoma evansi, white rats