Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang- Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak dan Qanun Aceh Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Perlindungan Anak memberikan landasan hukum mengenai perlindungan anak dari segala bentuk eksploitasi. Berdasarkan Pasal 76I, ditegaskan bahwa setiap orang dilarang menempatkan, membiarkan, melakukan, menyuruh melakukan, atau turut serta melakukan eksploitasi terhadap anak. Namun, dalam kenyataannya masih banyak ditemukan praktik eksploitasi anak di berbagai daerah khususnya di Kota Banda Aceh, baik dalam bentuk pekerja anak, pengamen jalanan, maupun eksploitasi seksual komersial. Penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku sering kali belum maksimal karena lemahnya pengawasan, kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat, serta terbatasnya peran aparat dalam menindak pelanggaran tersebut.

Tujuan penulisan dari skripsi ini adalah untuk menjelaskan efektivitas sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku eksploitasi anak dalam mencegah eksploitasi pekerja anak dan mengevaluasi keberhasilan hukuman tersebut dalam mencegah terulangnya kasus serupa. Selain itu, menjelaskan upaya pencegahan eksploitasi anak yang efektif dalam menekan angka pekerja anak

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum yuridis empiris, yakni dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan sekaligus mengumpulkan data primer melalui wawancara terhadap aparat penegak hukum, Dinas Sosial, serta studi terhadap putusan pengadilan dan kasus-kasus eksploitasi anak di Banda Aceh. Teknik analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif-kualitatif
untuk memahami hubungan antara pelaksanaan sanksi pidana dan tingkat pencegahan eksploitasi pekerja anak.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku eksploitasi anak di Kota Banda Aceh masih belum sepenuhnya efektif. Beberapa faktor penghambat seperti rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat, lemahnya pengawasan, serta sulitnya pembuktian unsur eksploitasi terhadap pekerja anak menjadi penghambat keberhasilan upaya pencegahan.

Disarankan untuk dilakukan peningkatan sinergi yang konkrit dan terukur antara aparat penegak hukum, instansi perlindungan anak, dan masyarakat dalam mencegah serta menanggulangi eksploitasi pekerja anak. Pemerintah daerah khususnya Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh harus memperkuat pengawasan di ruang publik serta menegakkan sanksi pidana secara konsisten guna menimbulkan efek jera dan menjamin perlindungan hak-hak anak secara optimal.

Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning the Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2002 on Child Protection and Aceh Qanun Number 11 of 2008 on Child Protection provide the legal foundation for the protection of children from all forms of exploitation. Pursuant to Article 76I, it is expressly stipulated that any person is prohibited from placing, allowing, committing, ordering the commission of, or participating in the exploitation of a child. Nevertheless, in practice, numerous instances of child exploitation continue to be found in various regions, particularly in the City of Banda Aceh, including child labor, street busking, and commercial sexual exploitation. Law enforcement against perpetrators is often not optimal due to weak supervision, low public awareness, and the limited role of authorities in taking firm action against such violations. The purpose of this thesis is to explain the effectiveness of criminal sanctions imposed on perpetrators of child exploitation in preventing child labor exploitation and to evaluate the extent to which such punishments succeed in preventing the recurrence of similar cases. In addition, this study aims to examine effective preventive measures against child exploitation in reducing the number of child laborers. The research method employed is an empirical juridical legal approach, which involves examining relevant laws and regulations while simultaneously collecting primary data through interviews with law enforcement officers, the Social Affairs Office, as well as reviewing court decisions and cases of child exploitation in Banda Aceh. The data analysis technique is descriptive-qualitative, aimed at understanding the relationship between the implementation of criminal sanctions and the level of prevention of child labor exploitation. The results of the study indicate that criminal sanctions against perpetrators of child exploitation in the City of Banda Aceh have not yet been fully effective. Several inhibiting factors, such as low public awareness, weak supervision, and difficulties in proving the elements of exploitation in cases involving child labor, hinder the success of preventive efforts. It is therefore recommended that concrete and measurable synergy be strengthened among law enforcement agencies, child protection institutions, and the community in preventing and addressing child labor exploitation. The local government, particularly the Banda Aceh City Government, should enhance supervision in public spaces and consistently enforce criminal sanctions in order to create a deterrent effect and ensure the optimal protection of children’s rights.