Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Sektor hortikultura memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian pedesaan, salah satunya melalui komoditas melon (Cucumis melo L.) yang menjadi unggulan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Namun, data menunjukkan fluktuasi luas panen dan penurunan produktivitas di Kecamatan Peukan Bada, seiring dengan berkurangnya jumlah petani melon. Fenomena ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya keuntungan serta faktor sosial yang menghambat keberlangsungan usahatani. Desa Lam Manyang, yang juga dikenal sebagai kawasan agrowisata, memiliki potensi besar melalui budidaya melon putih dan wisata panen, namun masih menghadapi kendala perhitungan biaya produksi secara rinci. Dengan harga jual melon di tingkat petani Rp 10.000/kg dan di tingkat eceran Rp 15.000/kg, terdapat peluang peningkatan keuntungan yang belum sepenuhnya dimanfaatkan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keuntungan usahatani melon di Agrowisata Kebun Melon Desa Lam Manyang, serta mengidentifikasi pengendalian gangguan keberlangusngan usahatani melon di Kecamatan Peukan Bada.
Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret 2025 melalui metode survei. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara kepada pemilik usahatani melon. Analisis kuantitatif digunakan untuk menghitung biaya produksi, penerimaan, keuntungan, Revenue-Cost Ratio (R/C), dan Break Even Point (BEP). Sementara itu, faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberlangsungan usahatani dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan wawancara dengan petani dan tokoh masyarakat.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani melon di Desa Lam Manyang memiliki biaya produksi sebesar Rp 83.686.000.- Ha/MT dengan total produksi 25.000 kg. Dengan harga jual rata-rata Rp 10.000/kg, penerimaan mencapai Rp 250.000.000.- dan keuntungan bersih sebesar Rp 165.469.833.- Ha/MT. Nilai R/C ratio sebesar 2,9 membuktikan bahwa setiap pengeluaran Rp 1 menghasilkan Rp 2,9 penerimaan, sehingga usahatani ini sangat efisien dan layak dikembangkan. Selain itu, BEP produksi (8.454 kg) dan BEP harga (Rp 3.381/kg) jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan capaian aktual, yang menunjukkan risiko kerugian relatif kecil. Meskipun demikian, faktor keamanan seperti rasa aman dalam mengelola lahan tetap menjadi pertimbangan penting dalam keberlangsungan usahatani melon di wilayah ini.

The horticultural sector plays a crucial role in the rural economy, particularly through melon (Cucumis melo L.), a leading commodity in Aceh Besar Regency. However, data shows fluctuations in harvested area and declining productivity in Peukan Bada District, along with a decline in the number of melon farmers. This phenomenon is thought to be influenced by low profits and social factors that hinder the sustainability of farming. Lam Manyang Village, also known as an agrotourism area, has significant potential for white melon cultivation and harvest tours, but still faces challenges in calculating detailed production costs. With melons selling at the farm level of IDR 10,000/kg and at the retail level of IDR 15,000/kg, there is an opportunity for increased profits that has not been fully utilized. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the profitability of melon farming at the Lam Manyang Village Melon Garden Agrotourism and identify management strategies for disruptions to the sustainability of melon farming in Peukan Bada District. The study was conducted in March 2025 using a survey method. Primary data was obtained through interviews with melon farm owners. Quantitative analysis was used to calculate production costs, revenue, profit, the Revenue-Cost Ratio (R/C), and the Break-Even Point (BEP). Meanwhile, factors influencing the sustainability of the farming business were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach based on interviews with farmers and community leaders. The results showed that melon farming in Lam Manyang Village had production costs of IDR 83,686,000 per hectare per tonne (ha) with a total production of 25,000 kg. With an average selling price of IDR 10,000 per kg, revenue reached IDR 250,000,000 and net profit was IDR 165,469,833 per tonne. The R/C ratio of 2.9 indicates that every IDR 1 expenditure generates IDR 2.9 in revenue, making this farming business highly efficient and feasible to develop. Furthermore, the production BEP (8,454 kg) and price BEP (IDR 3,381/kg) were significantly lower than actual production, indicating a relatively low risk of loss. However, security factors such as a sense of security in managing land remain an important consideration in the sustainability of melon farming in this region.