Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Kolagen yang berbahan dasar hewan laut seperti tulang ikan tuna (Thunnus albacares) merupakan alternatif pengganti kolagen dari hewan darat konvensional seperti sapi, kambing, ayam, dan babi, yang sering dikaitkan dengan risiko penyakit atau pembatasan serta pelarangan dalam beberapa ajaran kepercayaan agama, tetapi metode ekstraksi yang efektif untuk mendapatkan kolagen masih perlu di eksplorasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil rendemen terbaik berdasarkan variasi waktu hidro-ekstraksi dan mendapatkan karakteristik kolagen dengan metode asam-hidro-ekstraksi. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non-faktorial dengan analisis data berupa uji ANOVA dan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Kolagen yang diperoleh diuji proksimat (kadar air, abu, lemak, dan protein). Kolagen dengan hasil terbaik selanjutnya diuji gugus fungsi dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen tertinggi pada perlakuan 5 jam dengan nilai 9,93% dengan hasil uji proksimat 5,81% (kadar air), 1,41% (kadar abu), 0,5% (kadar lemak), dan 90,24% (kadar protein). Hasil analisis FTIR didapatkan puncak serapan 3465,43cm-1 (amida A), 2896,15cm-1 (amida B), 1635,52cm-1 (amida I), 1522,37cm-1 (amida II), dan 1239,72cm-1 (amida III). Secara keseluruhan, kolagen telah berhasil diekstraksi menggunakan metode asam-hidro-ekstraksi dengan sampel tulang ikan tuna.

Kata kunci : Kolagen, Tulang ikan tuna, Asam-hidro-ekstraksi, Rendemen, Proksimat, FTIR.

ABSTRACT Collagen derived from marine animals such as tuna bone (Thunnus albacares) serves as an alternative to conventional land-animal-based collagen sources such as cattle, goats, chickens, and pigs, which are often associated with disease risks or restrictions and prohibitions in certain religious beliefs. However, effective extraction methods to obtain collagen still need to be explored. This study aims to determine the optimal yield based on variations in hydro-extraction time and to characterize collagen using the acid-hydro-extraction method. The research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a non-factorial approach, and data were analyzed using ANOVA and Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests. The obtained collagen was analyzed for proximate composition (moisture, ash, fat, and protein content). The best collagen yield was further analyzed for functional groups using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). The results showed the highest yield was obtained at 5 hours of treatment with a value of 9.93%, and proximate test results of 5.81% (moisture), 1.41% (ash), 0.5% (fat), and 90.24% (protein). FTIR analysis showed absorption peaks at 3465.43 cm⁻¹ (amide A), 2896.15 cm⁻¹ (amide B), 1635.52 cm⁻¹ (amide I), 1522.37 cm⁻¹ (amide II), and 1239.72 cm⁻¹ (amide III). Overall, collagen was successfully extracted using the acid-hydro-extraction method from tuna bone samples. Key word : Collagen, Tuna fish bone, Acid-hydro-extraction, Yield, Proximate, FTIR.