Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Minyak simplah adalah minyak tradisional khas Aceh yang diperoleh melalui proses fermentasi daging buah kelapa yang diyakini mengandung manfaat kesehatan oleh masyarakat. Minyak ini tidak disukai oleh generasi muda karena aroma khasnya. Inovasi sabun padat transparan berbasis minyak simplah dapat dijadikan alternatif pemanfaatannya di kalangan generasi muda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan sorbitol terhadap mutu fisik dan kimia sabun padat transparan berbasis minyak simplah, serta mendefinisikan formulasi terbaik menurut persepsi panelis.
Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode pembuatan sabun padat transparan yaitu metode hot process dengan tiga variasi perlakuan yaitu tanpa sorbitol (P1), penambahan sorbitol 25 g (P2), dan penambahan sorbitol 50 g (P3). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali sehingga terdapat 12 satuan percobaan. Sabun yang telah dicetak didinginkan dan disimpan untuk proses curing selama dua minggu sebelum diuji. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi kadar air, asam lemak bebas, nilai pH, tinggi busa, kekerasan, warna (Red, Green, dan Blue), rendemen, serta uji sensori terhadap aroma, warna, dan tekstur. Analisis dilakukan secara statistik menggunakan SPSS dengan metode ANOVA dan uji lanjut Duncan. Uji sensori menggunakan metode skala hedonik 1–5 yang melibatkan 30 panelis tidak terlatih.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sorbitol memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pH, kekerasan, dan tinggi busa, namun tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air dan warna. Kandugan asam lemak bebas sabun padat transparan berbasis minyak simplah (0,43—0,67%) sudah memenuhi standar SNI. Penambahan sorbitol memberikan efek pelunakan sabun sabun dan meningkatkan tinggi busa. Namun kadar air sabun masih terlalu tinggi, dengan pH yang di atas 10. Adapun parameter warna RGB menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sorbitol memberikan efek peningkatan transparansi sabun. Adapun hasil uji organoleptik sabun padat transparan berbahan minyak simplah dapat diterima oleh panelis, di mana warna paling disukai terdapat pada perlakuan 50 g sorbitol (77%), aroma pada 25 g sorbitol (43%), dan tekstur paling disukai tanpa penambahan sorbitol (86%). Secara keseluruhan, perlakuan dengan penambahan 50 g sorbitol merupakan variasi terbaik dalam pembuatan sabun padat transparan berbasis minyak simplah, namun perlu upaya untuk penurunan kadar air dan pH serta peningkatan kekerasan sabun.

Simplah oil is a traditional oil from Aceh obtained through the fermentation of coconut flesh and believed to have health benefits. This oil is not favored by the younger generation due to its distinctive aroma. The innovation of transparent solid soap based on simplah oil can be an alternative use for this among the younger generation. This study aimed to determine the effect of sorbitol addition on the physical and chemical quality of transparent solid soap based on simplah oil, and to determine the best formulation according to panelists' perceptions. The study was conducted using the hot process method for making transparent solid soap with three treatment variations: no sorbitol (P1), 25 g sorbitol added (P2), and 50 g sorbitol added (P3). Each treatment was repeated four times, resulting in 12 experimental units. The molded soaps were cooled and stored for curing for two weeks before being tested. Parameters analyzed included water content, free fatty acids, pH, foam height, hardness, color (red, green, and blue), yield, and sensory testing for aroma, color, and texture. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS with ANOVA and Duncan's Advanced Test. Sensory testing used a hedonic scale of 1–5, involving 30 untrained panelists. The results of this study showed that the addition of sorbitol significantly affected pH, hardness, and foam height, but did not significantly affect water content or color. The free fatty acid content of the transparent solid soap based on simplah oil (0.43–0.67%) met SNI standards. The addition of sorbitol softened the soap and increased foam height. However, the soap's water content was still too high, with a pH above 10. The RGB color parameters showed that the addition of sorbitol increased the soap's transparency. The organoleptic test results of the transparent solid soap made from simplah oil were acceptable to the panelists, with the most preferred color being the 50 g sorbitol treatment (77%), aroma being the 25 g sorbitol treatment (43%), and texture being the most preferred without sorbitol (86%). Overall, the treatment with the addition of 50 g of sorbitol is the best variation in making transparent solid soap based on simple oil, but efforts are needed to reduce the water content and pH and increase the hardness of the soap.