Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana kinerja pegawai dalam pelayanan publik di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh transformational leadership (TL) and perceived organizational support (POS), dengan fokus pada fungsi mediasi organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Meskipun berbagai upaya reformasi telah dilakukan, sebagian besar pegawai negeri sipil di Indonesia terus menunjukkan kinerja rendah akibat faktor-faktor seperti motivasi yang lemah, kurangnya disiplin, dan keterlibatan yang minimal. Tantangan-tantangan ini menyoroti perlunya mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor perilaku dan psikologis yang mempengaruhi kinerja di luar intervensi teknis. Menggunakan metodologi kuantitatif, informasi dikumpulkan dari 344 pegawai di Badan Kepegawaian Negara (BKN) dan model diuji menggunakan pendekatan Pemodelan Persamaan Struktural. Empat dimensi digunakan untuk mengukur TL: stimulasi intelektual, motivasi inspiratif, pengaruh ideal, dan pertimbangan personal. Versi enam item dari Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS) digunakan untuk mengukur POS. OCB melalui altruisme, ketekunan, sportivitas, dan kinerja melalui empat indikator yang selaras dengan pemerintah: kualitas, kuantitas, ketepatan waktu, dan efektivitas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa baik TL maupun POS berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap OCB dan kinerja pegawai. Selain itu, OCB memediasi hubungan antara TL, POS, dan kinerja pegawai. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan organisasi yang mendukung dan kepemimpinan transformasional mendorong perilaku proaktif dan sukarela yang berkontribusi pada peningkatan hasil kinerja. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya dinamika psikologis dan perilaku dalam meningkatkan kinerja pelayanan sipil. Studi ini menawarkan kontribusi baru dengan mengintegrasikan TL, POS, dan OCB dalam konteks birokrasi, sebuah area yang jarang dibahas dalam penelitian sebelumnya. Ini mengembangkan model holistik kinerja pegawai yang dapat diterapkan pada institusi publik hierarkis dan memberikan wawasan praktis bagi pemimpin sektor publik yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penyampaian layanan melalui kepemimpinan strategis dan dukungan organisasi.

Kata Kunci: Transformational Leadership, Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Kinerja Pegawai.

This study examines how employee performance in Indonesia's public service is affected by transformational leadership (TL) and perceived organizational support (POS), with a focus on the mediating function of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Despite various reform efforts, a significant portion of Indonesia’s civil servants continue to exhibit low performance due to factors such as weak motivation, lack of discipline, and minimal engagement. These challenges highlight the need to explore behavioral and psychological drivers of performance beyond technical interventions. Using a quantitative methodology, information was gathered from 344 employees at the National Civil Service Agency (BKN) and the model was tested using a Structural Equation Modeling approach. Four dimensions were used to measure TL: intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, idealized influence, and personalized consideration. A six-item version of the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS) was employed to measure POS. OCB through altruism, conscientiousness, sportsmanship, and performance via four government-aligned indicators: quality, quantity, timeliness, and effectiveness. Results demonstrate that both TL and POS positively and significantly impact OCB and employee performance. Furthermore, OCB mediates the relationship between TL, POS, and employee performance. This finding indicates that supportive organizational environments and transformational leadership foster proactive and voluntary behaviors that contribute to improved performance outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of psychological and behavioral dynamics in improving civil service performance. This study offers a novel contribution by integrating TL, POS, and OCB within a bureaucratic context, an area rarely addressed in prior research. It advances a holistic model of employee performance applicable to hierarchical public institutions and provides practical insights for public sector leaders aiming to improve service delivery through strategic leadership and organizational support. Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Employee Performance.