Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Bawang merah menjadi komoditas penting bagi rumah tangga dan industri makanan, dengan permintaan tinggi di pasar domestik dan ekspor. Kecamatan Simpang Tiga, Kabupaten Pidie, sebagai sentra produksi memiliki potensi besar. Namun, petani masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti belum adanya gudang penyimpanan serta serangan hama dan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal, menentukan posisi kuadran usaha tani, merumuskan strategi, dan menetapkan strategi prioritas pengembangan usaha tani bawang merah. Data yang digunakan dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan petani terpilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, serta informan dari Dinas Pertanian dan penyuluh pertanian. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Matriks IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation), Matriks EFE (External Factor Evaluation), Diagram SWOT (4 Sel), Matriks Strategi SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats), dan QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kekuatan utama adalah pengalaman petani (skor: 0,562), kelemahan terbesar adalah penanaman musiman (skor: 0,209), peluang utama adalah status sebagai sentra bawang merah di Aceh (skor: 0,436), dan ancaman terbesar adalah hama dan penyakit (skor: 0,276). Usaha tani bawang merah Kecamatan Simpang Tiga berada di posisi kuadran I yang menunjukkan strategi agresif. Berdasarkan analisis Matriks SWOT, strategi yang dapat diterapkan meliputi peningkatan produktivitas dan efisiensi (strategi SO); penguatan rantai pasok dan diversifikasi pasar (strategi SO); optimalisasi dukungan pemerintah dan teknologi (strategi WO); reformasi rantai pemasaran dan akses langsung ke pasar (strategi WO); penerapan sistem pertanian tangguh (strategi ST); penguatan modal dan rantai pemasaran untuk (strategi ST); penguatan sistem produksi dan penyimpanan (strategi WT); reformasi sistem pemasaran (strategi WT). Dilanjutkan dengan QSPM, strategi prioritas yang direkomendasikan adalah optimalisasi dukungan pemerintah dan teknologi untuk efisiensi biaya dan produksi (strategi WO) dengan TAS (Total Attractiveness Score) sebesar 6,696. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengembangan usaha tani bawang merah di Kecamatan Simpang Tiga dapat lebih optimal dengan memanfaatkan kekuatan dan peluang yang, sembari mengatasi kelemahan dan ancaman melalui strategi terintegrasi dan berkelanjutan.

Kata kunci: Strategi pengembangan, bawang merah, IFE, EFE, SWOT, QSPM

Shallot is a vital commodity for both households and the food industry, with high demand in domestic and export markets. Simpang Tiga Subdistrict in Pidie Regency, as a major production center, holds significant potential. However, farmers still face various challenges, including the absence of storage facilities and frequent pest and disease outbreaks. This study aims to identify internal and external factors, determine the strategic position of shallot farming, formulate development strategies, and establish strategic priorities for shallot agribusiness development. Data were collected through field observations and interviews with selected farmers using purposive sampling techniques, along with informants from the Department of Agriculture and agricultural extension officers. Data analysis employed the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix, External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix, SWOT Diagram (4-cell), SWOT Strategy Matrix (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats), and the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). The results show that the main strength is farmers’ experience (score: 0.562), the most significant weakness is seasonal planting patterns (score: 0.209), the primary opportunity is its status as the shallot production center in Aceh (score: 0.436), and the greatest threat is pest and disease attacks (score: 0.276). Shallot farming in Simpang Tiga Subdistrict is positioned in Quadrant I, indicating an aggressive strategy approach. Based on the SWOT Matrix analysis, recommended strategies include increasing productivity and efficiency (SO strategy); strengthening supply chains and market diversification (SO strategy); optimizing government and technological support (WO strategy); reforming the marketing chain and enhancing market access (WO strategy); adopting resilient agricultural systems (ST strategy); strengthening capital and market channels (ST strategy); improving production and storage systems (WT strategy); and reforming marketing systems (WT strategy). The QSPM analysis identifies the priority strategy as optimizing government and technological support to improve cost efficiency and productivity (WO strategy), with a Total Attractiveness Score (TAS) of 6.696. This study concludes that shallot farming development in Simpang Tiga can be further optimized by leveraging internal strengths and external opportunities while addressing weaknesses and threats through integrated and sustainable strategies. Keywords: Development strategy, shallot, IFE, EFE, SWOT, QSPM