Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pencemaran mikroplastik di wilayah pesisir merupakan permasalahan lingkungan yang semakin mengkhawatirkan karena berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap ekosistem laut dan kesehatan manusia. Tiram (Crassostrea gigas) sebagai organisme penyaring (filter feeder) sangat rentan terhadap kontaminasi mikroplastik karena kemampuannya dalam menyaring partikel dari air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kontaminasi mikroplastik pada tiram yang hidup di ekosistem mangrove di empat lokasi perairan Kota Banda Aceh dan Kabupaten Aceh Besar, yaitu Alue Naga, Ulee Lheue, Ujong Pancu, dan Krueng Raya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dari bulan Februari hingga April 2025. Analisis mikroplastik dilakukan melalui proses penghancuran jaringan lunak menggunakan larutan KOH 10%, sedangkan identifikasi jenis polimer dilakukan dengan metode Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mikroplastik terdeteksi di seluruh lokasi pengambilan sampel, dengan bentuk dominan berupa fiber dan warna terbanyak meliputi cokelat, biru, hitam, dan bening. Secara spasial, lokasi Alue Naga mencatat jumlah mikroplastik tertinggi, sementara Ujong Pancu menunjukkan jumlah terendah. Analisis FTIR berhasil mengidentifikasi lima jenis polimer mikroplastik, yaitu polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), dan nylon (PA). Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar dalam pengambilan kebijakan pengelolaan limbah plastik serta mendukung upaya konservasi ekosistem mangrove secara berkelanjutan.

Kata kunci: Mikroplastik, Crassostrea gigas, FTIR, Ekosistem Mangrove, Polimer

Microplastic pollution in coastal areas is an increasingly alarming environmental problem because it has the potential to cause negative impacts on marine ecosystems and human health. Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) as filter feeders are highly susceptible to microplastic contamination due to their ability to filter particles from the water. This study aims to analyze the level of microplastic contamination in oysters living in mangrove ecosystems at four locations in the waters of Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar Regency, namely Alue Naga, Ulee Lheue, Ujong Pancu, and Krueng Raya. Sampling was conducted from February to April 2025. Microplastic analysis was conducted through the process of soft tissue destruction using a 10% KOH solution, while polymer type identification was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that microplastics were detected at all sampling locations, with the dominant form being fibers and the most common colors including brown, blue, black, and transparent. Spatially, the Alue Naga location recorded the highest amount of microplastics, while Ujong Pancu showed the lowest amount. FTIR analysis successfully identified five types of microplastic polymers: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and nylon (PA). These findings are expected to serve as a basis for policy-making on plastic waste management and support efforts to conserve mangrove ecosystems sustainably. Keywords: Microplastics, Crassostrea gigas, FTIR, Mangrove Ecosystem, Polymers