Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Industri galangan kapal di kawasan Lampulo, Banda Aceh, memiliki peran
strategis dalam mendukung sektor perikanan dan transportasi laut. Namun, aktivitas di
galangan kapal, seperti tumpahan oli, tumpahan minyak, pembongkaran kapal, dan
limbah lainnya, memberikan dampak negatif yang signifikan terhadap lingkungan,
khususnya pada ekosistem pesisir dan perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap perubahan lingkungan dan
menentukan faktor utama yang paling signifikan dalam pencemaran lingkungan di
kawasan Galangan Kapal Lampulo. Metode survei digunakan dengan pendekatan
kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi langsung dan
wawancara terhadap 20 responden yang terdiri dari pekerja di empat galangan kapal.
Data sekunder diperoleh dari studi literatur. Analisis data dilakukan untuk
mengevaluasi kontribusi masing-masing faktor terhadap pencemaran lingkungan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tumpahan oli merupakan faktor utama
pencemaran dengan kontribusi 42%, diikuti oleh tumpahan minyak sebesar 31%,
pembongkaran kapal sebesar 15%, dan tumpahan cat sebesar 12%. Galangan Kapal 1
menjadi penyumbang terbesar dalam kategori pencemaran tersebut. Pencemaran yang
ditimbulkan berdampak pada kualitas air, tanah, dan ekosistem sekitar, termasuk
penurunan kadar oksigen terlarut di air, gangguan pada rantai makanan laut, serta
toksisitas pada organisme perairan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya
peningkatan kesadaran pekerja tentang dampak lingkungan, penerapan teknologi
ramah lingkungan, dan pengelolaan limbah yang lebih efektif untuk mengurangi
dampak negatif terhadap ekosistem. Upaya kolaboratif antara pemerintah, pemilik
galangan kapal, dan masyarakat diperlukan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan
lingkungan di kawasan Lampulo.

The shipyard industry in the Lampulo area, Banda Aceh, plays a strategic role in supporting the fisheries and marine transportation sectors. However, activities at the shipyards, such as oil spills, fuel spills, ship dismantling, and other waste, have a significant negative impact on the environment, particularly on coastal and marine ecosystems. This study aims to identify the contributing factors to environmental changes and determine the most significant factor causing environmental pollution in the Lampulo Shipyard area. A survey method was used with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Primary data were obtained through direct observation and interviews with 20 respondents consisting of workers at four shipyards. Secondary data were obtained from literature studies. Data analysis was carried out to evaluate the contribution of each factor to environmental pollution. The results showed that oil spills were the main factor of pollution, contributing 42%, followed by fuel spills at 31%, ship dismantling at 15%, and paint spills at 12%. Shipyard 1 was identified as the largest contributor in these pollution categories. The resulting pollution impacts water and soil quality as well as the surrounding ecosystem, including a decrease in dissolved oxygen levels in the water, disruptions to the marine food chain, and toxicity to aquatic organisms. This study recommends increasing workers’ awareness of environmental impacts, the implementation of environmentally friendly technologies, and more effective waste management to reduce negative effects on the ecosystem. Collaborative efforts among the government, shipyard owners, and the community are needed to ensure environmental sustainability in the Lampulo area.