Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Padi merupakan tanaman biji-bijian yang paling banyak dikonsumsi di dunia dan menjadi makanan pokok bagi lebih dari 95% penduduk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui produktivitas dan kualitas galur BC4F5 turunan padi lokal Sigupai Abdya yang dibudidayakan di lahan tegalan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Agustus 2024 hingga Februari 2025 di Kebun Percobaan, Laboratorium Genetika dan Pemuliaan Tanaman, serta Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non-faktorial yang terdiri atas enam galur dan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produktivitas galur berkisar antara 4,05 hingga 5,46 ton ha⁻¹. Galur T29.8.5.2.12.12 memberikan hasil tertinggi, sedangkan T9.6.1.6.12.1 terendah. Dari aspek mutu, seluruh galur memiliki kadar air rendah dan kadar amilosa tinggi, termasuk kategori beras pera. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan positif kuat antara bobot gabah per rumpun (BGP) dan potensi hasil (PH), yang mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan bobot gabah per rumpun secara langsung berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan potensi hasil panen. Terdapat pula korelasi negatif yang kuat antara kadar amilosa dan amilopektin (r = -0,94), yang menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kadar amilosa dalam beras, maka kadar amilopektinnya cenderung lebih rendah. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa galur T29.8.5.2.12.12 berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut.

Rice is the most widely consumed grain crop in the world and is a staple food for more than 95% of Indonesia's population. This study aims to determine the productivity and quality of the BC4F5 line progenies from local Sigupai Abdya rice cultivated in dry land. The study was conducted from August 2024 to February 2025 at the Experimental Garden, Genetics and Plant Breeding Laboratory, and Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University Syiah Kuala, using a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of six lines and three replications. The results showed that the productivity of the lines ranged from 4.05 to 5.46 tons ha⁻¹. The T29.8.5.2.12.12 line gave the highest yield, while T9.6.1.6.12.1 gave the lowest. In terms of quality, all lines had low water content and high amylose content, including the dry rice category. Correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between grain weight per hill (GWP) and yield potential (YP), indicating that increasing grain weight per hill directly contributes to increasing yield potential. There was also a strong negative correlation between amylose and amylopectin levels (r = -0.94), indicating that the higher the amylose content in rice, the lower the amylopectin content tends to be. These findings indicate that the T29.8.5.2.12.12 line has the potential to be further developed.