Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pasal 5 ayat (1) Peraturan Kejaksaan Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif menyebutkan bahwa perkara tindak pidana dapat ditutup demi hukum dan dihentikan penuntutannya berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif dengan memenuhi persyaratan yang diatur dalam peraturan tersebut. Kejaksaan Negeri Lhokseumawe telah melakukan penghentian penuntutan berdasarkan keadilan restoratif pada perkara tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak dengan berpedoman ketentuan Peraturan Kejaksaan Nomor 15 Tahun 2020. Namun dalam penerapan Keadilan Restoratif tersebut terdapat beberapa hambatan yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan dan dapat menghambat proses perdamaian antar para pihak.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang pertimbangan Penuntut Umum dalam melakukan penghentian penunututan perkara tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak berdasarkan keadilan restoratif, menjelaskan penerapan keadilan restoratif pada tahap penuntutan sebagai alternatif penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak, serta menjelaskan hambatan dan solusi dalam penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak secara keadilan restoratif.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris, yaitu penelitian yang diawali dengan penelaahan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang dilanjutkan dengan observasi dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan data empiris yang terkait penelitian yang sedang dilaksanakan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertimbangan Penuntut Umum dalam menawarkan penerapan keadilan restoratif sebagai alternatif penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak adalah karena perkara tersebut memenuhi persyaratan yaitu tersangka baru pertama kali melakukan tindak pidana; tindak pidana hanya diancam dengan pidana denda atau diancam dengan pidana penjara tidak lebih dari 5 (lima) tahun; dan tindak pidana dilakukan dengan nilai barang bukti atau nilai kerugian yang ditimbulkan akibat dari tindak pidana tidak lebih dari Rp. 2.500.000,00 (dua juta lima ratus ribu rupiah). Hal ini sebagaimana di atur dalam Pasal 5 ayat(1) Peraturan Kejaksaan Nomor 15 Tahun 2020. Penerapan keadilan restoratif sebagai alternatif penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak pada tahap penuntutan dapat berhasil mencapai kesepakatan perdamaian apabila tersangka dan korban sepakat melakukan perdamaian dihadapan Penuntut Umum seta pihak-pihak terkait dalam proses perdamaian dan saling memaafkan. Namun apabila pihak korban menolak untuk berdamai, maka penerapan keadilan restoratif tidak dapat dilakukan. Pada praktiknya dalam penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak secara keadilan restoratif, Penuntut Umum mengalami beberapa hambatan dalam penerapannya, diantaranya kejaksaan belum mengatur secara eskplisit mengenai jangka waktu yang diberikan untuk menyelesaikan tindak pidana dengan pendekatan keadilan restoratif, masih kurangnya sumber daya manusia di Kejaksaan Negeri Lhokseumawe yang mampu melakukan penyelesaian perkara berdasarkan keadilan restoratif, penolakan anak korban dan keluarga, ketidakmampuan pelaku membayar kompensasi, dan anak korban/ keluarga korban menginginkan pelaku dihukum. Untuk meminimalisir permasalahan yang diakibatkan oleh beberapa hambatan maka Kejaksaan Negeri Lhokseumawe memberikan solusi yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan intensitas penyelesaian perkara berdasarkan keadilan restoratif di Kejaksaan Negeri Lhokseumawe, seperti Kepala Kejaksaan Negeri Lhokseumawe akan memberikan pengarahan kepada seluruh jaksa pada Kejaksaan Ngeri Lhokseumawe tentang mekanisme penyelesaian perkara pidana menggunakan keadilan restoratif, menyediakan fasilitas tempat untuk pelaksanaan upaya perdamaian dan melakukan sosialisasi tentang penerapan keadilan restoratif kepada masyarakat Kota Lhokseumawe melalui media massa dan media online.
Disarakan kepada Kejaksaan Negeri Lhokseumawe dapat melakukan sosialisasi secara langsung di forum publik pada setiap gampong di Kota Lhokseumawe terkait mekanisme keadilan restoratif agar masyarakat lebih memahami tujuan dan manfaat penghentian penuntutan berdasarkan keadilan restoratif. Diperlukannya pengaturan jangka waktu yang jelas terkait proses keadilan restoratif sebagai alternatif penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana kekerasan terhadap anak pada tahap penuntutan agar tidak tergesa-gesa dan dapat memberikan hasil yang optimal. Proses keadilan restoratif memerlukan pengawasan secara berkala oleh Kepala Kejaksaan Negeri Lhokseumawe untuk memastikan efektivitasnya dan mencegah penyalahgunaan oleh pihak-pihak tertentu. Evaluasi terhadap regulasi yang ada perlu dilakukan untuk memberikan pedoman yang lebih rinci terkait hambatan seperti penolakan dari korban atau keluarga.

Article 5 of Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice states that criminal cases can be closed by law and terminated prosecution based on Restorative Justice by fulfilling the requirements stipulated in the regulation. The Lhokseumawe State Attorney's Office has discontinued prosecution based on restorative justice in cases of criminal acts of violence against children based on the provisions of Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020. However, in the application of Restorative Justice, there are several obstacles that affect the implementation and can hinder the peace process between the parties. This research aims to explain the consideration of the Public Prosecutor in terminating the prosecution of criminal cases of violence against children based on restorative justice, explain the application of restorative justice at the prosecution stage as an alternative to resolving criminal cases of violence against children, and explain the obstacles and solutions in resolving criminal cases of violence against children with restorative justice. The research method used in this research is empirical juridical, which is research that begins with a review of laws and regulations followed by observations and interviews to obtain empirical data related to the research being carried out. The results showed that the consideration of the Public Prosecutor in offering the application of restorative justice as an alternative to resolving cases of criminal acts of violence against children is because the case meets the requirements, namely that the suspect is a first-time offender; the criminal act is only punishable by a fine or punishable by imprisonment of not more than 5 (five) years; and the criminal act is committed with the value of the evidence or the value of the loss caused by the criminal act is not more than Rp. 2,500,000.00 (two million five hundred thousand rupiah). This is as regulated in Article 5 of Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020. The application of restorative justice as an alternative to resolving cases of criminal acts of violence against children at the prosecution stage can successfully reach a peace agreement if the suspect and victim agree to make peace in front of the Public Prosecutor as well as the parties involved in the peace process and forgive each other. However, if the victim refuses to make peace, then the application of restorative justice cannot be carried out. In practice, in the settlement of cases of criminal acts of violence against children by restorative justice, the Public Prosecutor experiences several obstacles in its application, including the prosecutor's office has not explicitly regulated the time period given to resolve criminal acts with a restorative justice approach, there is still a lack of human resources at the Lhokseumawe State Prosecutor's Office who are capable of resolving refusal to reconcile, so the application of restorative justice cannot be carried out. In practice, in resolving cases of criminal acts of violence against children with restorative justice, the Public Prosecutor experiences several obstacles in its application, including the prosecutor's office has not explicitly regulated the time period given to resolve criminal acts with a restorative justice approach, the lack of human resources at the Lhokseumawe State Prosecutor's Office who are capable of resolving cases based on restorative justice, the rejection of the victim's child and family, the inability of the perpetrator to pay compensation, and the victim's child / victim's family wants the perpetrator to be punished. To minimise the problems caused by several obstacles, the Lhokseumawe State Attorney's Office provides solutions that can increase the understanding and intensity of case settlement based on restorative justice at the Lhokseumawe State Attorney's Office, such as the Head of the Lhokseumawe State Attorney's Office will brief all prosecutors at the Lhokseumawe State Attorney's Office about the mechanism for resolving criminal cases using restorative justice, provide facilities for the implementation of peace efforts and conduct socialisation about the application of restorative justice to the people of Lhokseumawe City through mass media and online media. It is suggested that the Lhokseumawe State Attorney's Office can conduct direct socialisation in public forums in each village in Lhokseumawe City related to restorative justice mechanisms so that people better understand the purpose and benefits of stopping prosecution based on restorative justice. It is necessary to set a clear timeframe related to the restorative justice process as an alternative to solving cases of criminal acts of violence against children at the prosecution stage so that it is not rushed and can provide optimal results. The restorative justice process requires regular supervision by the Head of the Lhokseumawe District Attorney's Office to ensure its effectiveness and prevent abuse by certain parties. Evaluation of existing regulations needs to be carried out to provide more detailed guidelines regarding obstacles such as rejection from victims or families.