Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penggunaan plastik sebagai kemasan makanan telah menimbulkan masalah ekologis karena sifatnya yang sulit terurai. Salah satu alternatif ramah lingkungan adalah dengan membuat film bionanokomposit yang juga mampu memperpanjang umur simpan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi konsentrasi antosianin dari ekstrak bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) terhadap sifat fisikokimia film, meliputi struktur kristalinitas, sifat mekanik, permeabilitas uap air, kemampuan penghalang UV, opasitas, dan struktur permukaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan dianalisis secara statistik. Hasil analisis kristalinitas menunjukkan peningkatan struktur kristalin seiring dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi antosianin. Hasil analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR mengidentifikasi pola puncak serapan pada O-H stretching (3415 cm-1), C-H stretching (2943 cm-1), N-H (2400 cm-1), C=C stretching (1634 cm-1), C-N stretching (1407 cm-1) dan C-O-C stretching (1034 cm-1). Analisis permeabilitas uap air menurun seiring dengan penambahan antosianin, film CH/SPS/BP-I memiliki nilai WVP tertinggi sedangkan CH/SPS/BP-II memiliki nilai WVP terendah. Hasil analisis UV-barrier dan opasitas menunjukkan film CH/SPS/BP-III memiliki kemampuan penghalang sinar UV paling baik dan penambahan antosianin meningkatkan nilai opasitas. Analisis sifat mekanik menunjukkan film telah memenuhi standar JIS dengan hasil kuat tarik 49,81 MPa - 65,11 MPa dan nilai elongasi 19,23% - 38,19% belum memenuhi standar JIS minimal > 50%. Analisis SEM menunjukkan struktur permukaan film yang semakin kasar seiring bertambahnya antosianin, CH/SPS/BP-II dan CH/SPS/BP-III memiliki permukaan lebih kasar dibandingkan CH/SPS/BP-I. Secara keseluruhan, film bionanokomposit berbasis pati aren, kitosan, dan antosianin dari bunga telang berhasil dibuat dengan sifat fisikokimia yang baik, ramah lingkungan, dan berpotensi sebagai alternatif kemasan cerdas.

The use of plastic as food packaging has caused ecological problems due to its hard-to-decompose nature. One environmentally friendly alternative is to make bionanocomposite films that are also able to extend the shelf life of food. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in anthocyanin concentrations from telang flower extract (Clitoria ternatea L.) on the physicochemical properties of the film, including crystallinity structure, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, UV barrier ability, opacity, and surface structure. This study uses a quantitative method and is statistically analyzed. The results of the crystallinity analysis showed an increase in the crystal structure along with the increase in anthocyanin concentration. The results of the functional cluster analysis using FTIR identified the peak absorption pattern in O-H stretching (3415 cm-1), C-H stretching (2943 cm-1), N-H (2400 cm-1), C=C stretching (1634 cm-1), C-N stretching (1407 cm-1) and C-O-C stretching (1034 cm-1). The analysis of water vapor permeability decreased along with the addition of anthocyanins, CH/SPS/BP-I film had the highest WVP value while CH/SPS/BP-II had the lowest WVP value. The results of UV-barrier and opacity analysis showed that CH/SPS/BP-III film had the best UV barrier ability and the addition of anthocyanins increased the opacity value. The analysis of mechanical properties shows that the film has met JIS standards with a tensile strength result of 49.81 MPa - 65.11 MPa and an elongation value of 19.23% - 38.19% has not met the JIS standard of at least > 50%. SEM analysis showed that the surface structure of the film became rougher with the increase of anthocyanins, CH/SPS/BP-II and CH/SPS/BP-III had a rougher surface than CH/SPS/BP-I. Overall, bionanocomposite films based on palm starch, chitosan, and anthocyanins from telang flowers have been successfully made with good physicochemical properties, are environmentally friendly, and have the potential to be an alternative to smart packaging.