Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kesalahan tutur merupakan kesalahan yang terjadi dalam proses produksi ujaran dan sebagian besar pembicara melakukan kesalahan saat berbicara. Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jenis-jenis kesalahan tutur yang dilakukan oleh mantan Wakil Presiden Amerika Serikat Mike Pence. Peneliti meneliti jenis-jenis kesalahan tutur berdasarkan teori Clark dan Clark (1977) dan jenis-jenis keceplosan berdasarkan teori Fromkin (1973). Data penelitian ini berupa ujaran. Sumber data adalah wawancara video antara Mike Pence dan Judy Woodruff di PBS NewsHour. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah instrumen manusia dan daftar periksa berupa tabel yang berisi daftar data dan daftar kategori kesalahan tutur. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi. Peneliti menonton wawancara video langsung dari YouTube, mentranskripsikan wawancara video tersebut, memilih data penting, mengelompokkan data menurut kategorinya, kemudian data dianalisis. Peneliti menemukan sembilan jenis kesalahan tutur berdasarkan teori Clark dan Clark. Terdapat 166 kesalahan tutur yang diutarakan oleh penutur dengan frekuensi sebagai berikut: repeat (ulang) sebanyak 42 kali (25,30%), silent pause (jeda diam) sebanyak 35 kali (21,08%), filling pause (jeda terisi) sebanyak 33 kali (19,8%), slip of the tongue (keceplosan) sebanyak 16 kali (9,63%), unretraced false start (mulai salah yang tidak ditelusuri kembali) sebanyak 12 kali (7,22%), interjection (interjeksi) sebanyak 12 kali (7,22%), stutter (gagap) sebanyak 11 kali (6,62%), corrective (pembetulan) sebanyak 4 kali (2,40%), dan retraced false start (mulai salah yang ditelusuri kembali) sebanyak 1 kali (0,60%). Kesalahan yang paling dominan adalah repeat (ulang) dan yang paling sedikit adalah retraced false start (mulai salah yang ditelusuri kembali). Sementara itu, hanya ditemukan dua jenis slip of the tongue, yaitu addition (penambahan) dan deletion (penghapusan). Addition (penambahan) terjadi sebanyak 12 kali dan deletion (penghapusan) terjadi sebanyak 4 kali. Jenis slip of the tongue yang paling dominan adalah addition (penambahan). Oleh karena itu, peneliti berharap agar peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian serupa tentang kesalahan tutur di bidang lain. Kata Kunci: Psikolinguistik, Produksi Ucapan, Jenis-jenis Kesalahan Ucapan

Speech errors are mistakes made in the process of speech production and most of the speakers make errors when speaking. This qualitative research was aimed at discovering types of speech errors made by former Vice President of the United States Mike Pence. The researcher examined the types of speech errors based on Clark and Clark’s theory (1977) and the types of slips of the tongue based on Fromkin’s theory (1973). The data of this research is in the form of utterances. The source of data was a video interview between Mike Pence and Judy Woodruff on PBS NewsHour. The instrument of this research is a human instrument and checklist in the form of a table that contains the list of data and the list of categories of speech errors. The data were collected by using documentation technique. The researcher watched the video interview directly from YouTube, transcribed the video interview, selected the important data, grouped the data according to their categories, and then the data were analyzed. The researcher found nine types of speech errors based on the theory of Clark and Clark. There are 166 speech errors uttered by the speaker with the frequencies as follows: repeat 42 times (25.30 %), silent pause 35 times (21.08 %), filled pause 33 times (19.8 %), slip of the tongue 16 times (9.63 %), unretraced false start 12 times (7.22 %), interjection 12 times (7.22 %), stutter 11 times (6.62 %), correction 4 times (2.40 %), and retraced false start 1 time (0.60 %). The most dominant error is repeat and the least error is retraced false start. Meanwhile, only two types of slips of the tongue were found, namely addition and deletion. Addition occurs 12 times and deletion occurs 4 times. The most dominant type of slip of the tongue is addition. Therefore, the researcher hopes that future researchers do similar studies about speech errors in other areas. Keywords: Psycholinguistics, Speech Production, Types of Speech Error