Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Endometritis adalah peradangan pada lapisan endometrium yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri. Pengobatan konvensional seperti antibiotik dapat menyebabkan resistensi bakteri, sehingga tanaman obat seperti sirih merah menjadi alternatif yang lebih aman. Ekstrak daun sirih merah diketahui memiliki sifat antiseptik dan antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum) dalam memperbaiki kerusakan endometrium pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) model endometritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Sebanyak 18 ekor tikus putih betina galur Wistar (berat 170-200 g) digunakan. Sebelum perlakuan, tikus diinjeksi dengan progesteron secara subkutan selama 5 hari (16 mg/kg) untuk berada dalam fase luteal. Selain kelompok kontrol negatif (P0), semua kelompok tikus diinokulasi dengan 25 µl kombinasi bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus (1,5 x 108 CFU/ml). P0 diinjeksikan NaCl fisiologis sebanyak 0,1 ml; PI diinokulasi kombinasi bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus dengan konsentrasi 1,5 x 108 CFU/ml; PII diinjeksikan kloramfenikol dengan dosis 315 mg/kg BB; PIII diberikan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dengan dosis 250 mg/200 g BB; PIV diberikan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dengan dosis 500 mg/200 g BB; dan PV diberikan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dengan dosis 1000 mg/200 g BB. Setelah perlakuan selama 7 hari, tikus di eutanasia, dan jaringan uterus diambil untuk dibuat preparat histologi dan diwarnai dengan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE). Data perubahan histopatologi yang meliputi struktur lumen, nekrosis sel epitel, proliferasi sel epitel, perdarahan, edema, dan hiperemi dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dosis 250 mg/200 g BB dan 500 mg/200 g BB efektif dalam meredakan inflamasi dan memperbaiki lapisan endometrium, sedangkan dosis 1000 mg/200 g BB hanya dapat mengurangi inflamasi tetapi tidak dapat memperbaiki struktur uterus.

Kata kunci: Endometrium, Endometritis, Ekstrak Sirih Merah, Fitofarmaka, Sirih Merah

Endometritis is an inflammation of the endometrial lining caused by bacterial infection. Conventional treatments such as antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance, so medicinal plants such as red betel become a safer alternative. Betel leaf extract is known to have antiseptic and antibacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ethanol extract from red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) in repairing endometrial damage in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) endometritis model. This study used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. A total of 18 female Wistar strain white rats (weighing 170-200 g) were used. prior treatment, the rats were injected with progesterone subcutaneously for 5 days (16 mg/kg) to be in the luteal phase. With the exception of negative control group (P0), all groups of rats were inoculated with 25 µl combination of E. coli and S. aureus bacteria (1,5 x 108 CFU/ml). P0 was injected with 0.1 ml of physiological NaCl; PI was induced with a combination of E. coli and S. aureus bacteria with a concentration of 1,5 x 108 CFU/ml; PII was injected with chloramphenicol at a dose of 315 mg/kg BW; PIII was given ethanol extract of red betel leaves at a dose of 250 mg/200 g BW; PIV was given ethanol extract of red betel leaves at a dose of 500 mg/200 g BW; and PV was given ethanol extract of red betel leaves at a dose of 1000 mg/200 g BW. After treatment for 7 days, rats were euthanized, and uterine tissue was collected to be processed into histology preparations and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE). Data on histopathological changes which covered lumen structure, epithelial cell necrosis, epithelial cell proliferation, hemorrhage, edema, and hyperemia were analyzed descriptively which. The results showed that red betel leaf ethanol extract at a dose of 250 mg/200 g BW and 500 mg/200 g BW is effective in relieving inflammation and repairing the endometrial layer, while a dose of 1000 mg/200 g BW can only reduce inflammation but cannot repair of the structure of the uterus. Keywords: Endometrium, Endometritis, Red Betel Extract, Phytopharmaca, Red Betel