Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Bakteri termofilik merupakan salah satu bakteri yang mampu hidup pada lingkungan bersuhu yang tinggi. Salah satu kawasan di Aceh yang memiliki daerah sumber air panas berada pada kawasan Ie Seuum Kecamatan Masjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Bakteri termofilik ini memiliki keuntungan dapat bekerja pada kondisi lingkungan dengan suhu yang tinggi dimana protein atau enzim lain jika dalam suhu yang tinggi dapat mengalami denaturasi. Penggunaan enzim dari bakteri termofilik pada beberapa aplikasi sangat efektif dan menguntungkan, salah satunya dapat digunakan dalam proses pengolahan limbah dimana dapat menurunkan kadar COD dan BOD pada limbah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemampuan bakteri termofilik penghasil enzim protease asal sumber air panas Ie Seuum dalam mendegradasi limbah cair sawit, dan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penurunan kadar COD dan BOD-nya, serta mengkarakterisasi isolat bakteri termofilik tersebut berdasarkan gen 16S rRNA. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk melihat morfologi bakteri dan uji enzim protease bakteri termofilik dan kemampuan bakteri termofilik dalam mendegradasi limbah cair sawit serta analisa gen 16S rRNA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 7 isolat bakteri yaitu BT1, BT2, BT3, BT4, BT5, BT6 dan BT7 yang memiliki karakteristik morfologi koloni yang berbeda-beda. Semua isolat bakteri mampu menghasilkan enzim protease dengan hasil indeks proteolitik tertinggi pada isolat BT4 sebesar 4,65. Isolat bakteri BT4, BT7 dan BT6 mampu mendegradasi limbah cair sawit dengan nilai degradasi COD dan BOD tertinggi terdapat pada isolat bakteri BT7 pada perlakuan P2 yaitu 70.3% dan 66.9%, serta nilai degradasi terendah oleh isolat bakteri BT6 pada perlakuan P1 yaitu 33.2% dan 26.7%. Isolat BT4 memiliki kemiripan tertinggi dengan isolat Bacillus licheniformis strain 30N1-10.
Kata kunci: bakteri termofilik, degradasi, limbah sawit, 16S rRNA, COD, BOD

ABSTRACT Thermophilic bacteria are one of the bacteria that can live in high temperature environments. One of the areas in Aceh that has a hot spring area is in the Ie Seuum area, Masjid Raya District, Aceh Besar Regency. These thermophilic bacteria have the advantage of being able to work in high temperature environmental conditions where proteins or other enzymes can be denatured at high temperatures. The use of enzymes from thermophilic bacteria in several applications is very effective and profitable, one of which can be used in the waste treatment process which can reduce the levels of COD and BOD in the waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of thermophilic bacteria producing protease enzymes from Ie Seuum hot springs in degrading palm oil wastewater, and to determine the effectiveness of reducing COD and BOD levels, and to characterize the isolates of these thermophilic bacteria based on the 16S rRNA gene. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method to see the morphology of bacteria and the test of thermophilic bacterial protease enzymes and the ability of thermophilic bacteria in degrading palm oil waste and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. The results of this study showed that there were 7 bacterial isolates namely BT1, BT2, BT3, BT4, BT5, BT6 and BT7 which had different colony morphology characteristics. All bacterial isolates were able to produce protease enzymes with the highest proteolytic index results in BT4 isolates of 4.65. Bacterial isolates BT4, BT7 and BT6 were able to degrade palm oil wastewater with the highest COD and BOD degradation values found in bacterial isolates BT7 in treatment P2, namely 70.3% and 66.9%, and the lowest degradation values by bacterial isolates BT6 in treatment P1 were 33.2% and 26.7 %. BT4 isolate had the highest similarity with Bacillus licheniformis strain 30N1-10 isolate. Keyword: thermophilic bacteria, degradation, palm oil wastewater, 16S rRNA,COD, BOD