Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Nilam merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri potensial di Indonesia yang menyuplai 90 % kebutuhan minyak nilam dunia. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya produktivitas nilam antara lain mutu genetik tanaman, kurang tepatnya budidaya, pengendalian penyakit, pengelolaan panen dan pascapanen. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produksi nilam adalah teknik propagasi secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) dan Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP). Eksplan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tunas nilam varietas Tapak Tuan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi 2,4-D dan BAP terhadap induksi tunas nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) varietas Tapak Tuan secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh, dari bulan Desember 2021 sampai dengan Mei 2022. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase hidup eksplan, persentase kontaminasi, persentase tumbuh tunas adventif, persentase muncul kalus, dan warna kalus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase hidup eksplan terbaik sebesar 100 % dan kontaminasi eksplan terendah sebesar 0% dijumpai pada konsentrasi 0,5 mg L-1 2,4-D + 0,5 mg L-1 BAP dan 1,5 mg L-1 2,4-D +1,5 mg L-1 BAP. Umur muncul tunas adventif tercepat yaitu 12 HST; persentase tumbuh tunas adventif eksplan tanaman nilam yang terbaik sebesar 66,67 %; tinggi eksplan terbaik sebesar 1,4 cm; dan jumlah daun terbanyak sebesar 4,67 helai dijumpai pada konsentrasi 1 mg L-1 BAP. Persentase muncul kalus terbaik sebesar 100 % dijumpai pada konsentrasi 0,5 mg L-1 2,4-D + 0,5 mg L-1 BAP dan 1,5 mg L-1 2,4-D +1,5 mg L-1 BAP. Umur muncul kalus tercepat yaitu 12 HST dijumpai pada konsentrasi 1,5 mg L-1 BAP; 0,5 mg L-1 2,4-D; 1 mg L-1 2,4-D; 1,5 mg L-1 2,4-D; 0,5 mg L-1 2,4-D+0,5 mg L-1 BAP; 0,5 mg L-1 2,4-D +1,5 mg L-1 BAP; 1 mg L-1 2,4-D +0,5 mg L-1 BAP; 1 mg L-1 2,4-D +1 mg L-1 BAP; 1 mg L-1 2,4-D +1,5 mg L-1 BAP; 1,5 mg L-1 2,4-D +0,5 mg L-1 BAP; dan 1,5 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1,5 mg L-1 BAP. Warna kalus terbaik yaitu warna hijau dijumpai pada konsentrasi 1 mg L-1 BAP; 1,5 mg L-1 2,4-D+1 mg L-1 BAP dan 1,5 mg L-1 2,4-D+1,5 mg L-1 BAP.

Patchouli is a potential essential oil-producing plant in Indonesia which supplies 90% of the world's patchouli oil needs. Factors that cause low patchouli productivity include plant genetic quality, less precise cultivation, disease control, harvest and post-harvest management. One way to increase patchouli production is in vitro propagation techniques. This study used a growth regulator (PGR) 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP). The explants used in this study were patchouli shoots of the Tapak Tuan variety. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the concentration of 2,4-D and BAP on the shoot induction of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Tapak Tuan variety in vitro. The research was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, from December 2021 to May 2022. The parameters observed were the percentage of explant life, percentage of contamination, percentage of adventitious shoot growth, percentage of callus emergence, and callus color. The results showed that the best explant survival percentage was 100% and the lowest explant contamination was 0% found at a concentration of 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 mg L-1. 2,4-D +1.5 mg L-1 BAP. The age for the fastest adventitious shoots to appear was 12 days; the percentage of growth of the best patchouli explants adventitious shoots was 66.67%; the best explant height was 1.4 cm; and the highest number of leaves of 4.67 strands was found at a concentration of 1 mg L-1 BAP. The best percentage of callus was 100% found at a concentration of 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 mg L-1 2,4-D +1.5 mg L -1 BAP. The fastest callus emergence age was 12 DAP found at a concentration of 1.5 mg L-1 BAP; 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D; 1 mg L-1 2,4-D; 1.5 mg L-1 2,4-D; 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D+0.5 mg L-1 BAP; 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D +1.5 mg L-1 BAP; 1 mg L-1 2,4-D +0.5 mg L-1 BAP; 1 mg L-1 2,4-D +1 mg L-1 BAP; 1 mg L-1 2,4-D +1.5 mg L-1 BAP; 1.5 mg L-1 2,4-D +0.5 mg L-1 BAP; and 1.5 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1.5 mg L-1 BAP. The best callus color, which was green, was found at a concentration of 1 mg L-1 BAP; 1.5 mg L-1 2,4-D+1 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 mg L-1 2,4-D+1.5 mg L-1 BAP.