Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi media tanam dan dosis pupuk NPK yang tepat terhadap pertumbuhan bibit tanaman kakao serta untuk mengetahui interaksi antar kedua faktor tersebut. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Kampung Badak, Kecamatan Dabun Gelang, Kabupaten Gayo Lues dan Laboratorium Dasar Kampus PSDKU Gayo Lues. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 4x3 dengan 3 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan 36 unit percobaan. Ada 2 faktor yang diteliti yaitu pengaruh komposisi media tanam dan pupuk NPK. Faktor pertama adalah pengaruh komposisi media tanam (M) terdiri dari 3 taraf : M1= Tanah + Arang Sekam + Limbah Kulit Kopi (2:1:1), M2= Tanah + Arang Sekam+ Limbah Kulit Kopi (1:1:2), M3 = Tanah + Arang Sekam + Limbah Kulit Kopi (1:2:1). Faktor kedua adalah pupuk NPK (P) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf : N0 = 0 g/tanaman (kontrol), N1 = 2 g/tanaman, N2 = 4 g/tanaman, N3 = 6 g/tanaman. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 0,05. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, diameter pangkal batang, jumlah daun umur 30, 45, 60, 75 dan 90 HST, bobot basah berangkasan, panjang akar, volume akar dan bobot kering berangkasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi media tanam berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap panjang akar 90 HST serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah helai daun 60 HST. Pertumbuhan terbaik bibit kakao yang diamati dari berat kering berangkasan dijumpai pada komposisi media tanam tanah : arang sekam : limbah kulit kopi (1:2:1), walaupun tidak berbeda nyata dengan komposisi media tanam lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah helai daun umur 30, 45, 60, 75 dan 90 HST, diameter pangkal batang umur 45, 60, 75 dan 90 HST, berat basah berangkasan, panjang akar, volume akar dan berat kering berangkasan umur 90 HST serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter pangkal batang umur 30 HST. Pertumbuhan terbaik bibit kakao dijumpai pada dosis pupuk NPK 6 g/tanaman. Terdapat interaksi yang sangat nyata antara komposisi media tanam dan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap panjang akar umur 90 HST serta interaksi yang nyata terhadap jumlah helai daun umur 90 HST. Panjang akar umur 90 HST terbaik dijumpai pada kombinasi media tanam tanah : arang sekam : limbah kulit kopi (2:1:1) dengan dosis pupuk NPK 2 g/tanaman dan jumlah helai daun umur 90 HST terbaik dijumpai pada kombinasi media tanam tanah : arang sekam : limbah kulit kopi (1:1:2) dengan dosis pupuk NPK 6 g/tanaman.

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of the composition of the planting medium and the right dose of NPK fertilizer on the growth of cocoa plant seeds and to determine the interaction between these two factors. This research has been carried out in Badak Village, Dabun Bracelet District, Gayo Lues Regency and the Basic Laboratory of the Gayo Lues PSDKU Campus. This study used a 4x3 factorial randomized block design (RAK) with 3 replications, so there were 12 treatment combinations and 36 experimental units. There are 2 factors studied, namely the influence of the composition of the planting media and NPK fertilizer. The first factor is the influence of the composition of the planting medium (M) consisting of 3 levels: M1= Soil + Husk Charcoal + Coffee Peel Waste (2:1:1), M2=Soil + Husk Charcoal + Coffee Peel Waste (1:1:2 ), M3 = Soil + Husk Charcoal + Coffee Peel Waste (1:2:1). The second factor was NPK fertilizer (P) which consisted of 4 levels: N0 = 0 g/plant (control), N1 = 2 g/plant, N2 = 4 g/plant, N3 = 6 g/plant. Data analysis used ANOVA and continued with the Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) at 0.05 level. Parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves at 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 DAP, dry weight of stem, root length, volume of root and dry weight of root. The results showed that the composition of the growing media had a very significant effect on root length at 90 DAP and significantly affected the number of leaves at 60 DAP. The best growth of cacao seedlings observed from dry weight was found in the composition of the growing media: soil: husk charcoal: coffee husk waste (1:2:1), although it was not significantly different from the composition of other growing media. The results showed that the dose of NPK fertilizer had a very significant effect on plant height and number of leaves at 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 DAP, stem diameter at 45, 60, 75 and 90 DAP, dry weight, root length, root volume and dry weight at 90 DAP and significantly affected the diameter of the stem at 30 DAP. The best growth of cocoa seedlings was found at a dose of 6 g/plant of NPK fertilizer. There was a very significant interaction between the composition of the growing media and the dose of NPK fertilizer on root length at 90 DAP and a significant interaction with the number of leaves at 90 DAP. The best root length at 90 DAP was found in the combination of soil: husk charcoal: coffee husk waste (2:1:1) with a dose of NPK fertilizer of 2 g/plant and the best number of leaves at 90 DAP was found in the combination of soil: charcoal. husk : coffee husk waste (1:1:2) with a dose of NPK fertilizer 6 g/plant.