Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi akibat pengaruh suhu, pemupukan K dan N. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca 1 dan Rumah Kaca 2 Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung dari bulan November 2020 sampai Februari 2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Split-split Plot pola RAK Faktorial 2 x 2 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan 36 satuan percobaan dengan total 108 unit percobaan. Faktor yang diteliti adalah suhu (T) sebagai petak utama yang terdiri dari dua taraf, yaitu T1 (28-32°C) dan T2 (33-37°C), pemupukan K (K) sebagai anak petak yang terdiri dari dua taraf, yaitu K1 (100 kg K ha-1) dan K2 (150 kg K ha-1). dan pemupukan N (N) sebagai anak-anak petak yang terdiri dari tiga taraf, yaitu N1 (100 kg N ha-1), N2 (150 kg N ha-1) dan N3 (200 kg N ha-1). Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah anakan, panjang malai, jumlah malai, persentase gabah berisi, berat gabah berisi pot-1, berat brangkasan kering, berat kering akar dan rasio akar tajuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan pemupukan K berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap persentase gabah berisi pot-1 serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah anakan (45 HST) dan berat kering akar. Suhu dan pemupukan N berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap berat gabah berisi pot-1, berat brangkasan kering, berat kering akar dan rasio akar tajuk serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang malai dan jumlah malai. Pemupukan K dan N berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman (45 HST), jumlah daun (30 dan 60 HST), persentase gabah berisi dan rasio akar tajuk serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun (45 HST), jumlah anakan (60 HST) dan berat gabah berisi pot-1. Suhu, pemupukan K dan N berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman (45 HST), jumlah daun (60 HST), jumlah anakan (45 HST), berat gabah berisi pot-1, berat brangkasan kering, berat kering akar dan rasio akar tajuk. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi terbaik terdapat pada suhu 33-37°C, pemupukan 150 kg K ha-1 dan pemupukan 200 kg N ha-1. Pemupukan K dan N efektif meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi pada suhu yang tinggi dengan rata-rata hasil 4.9 ton ha-1.

Kata kunci: Hasil, Inpari 30, Kalium, Nitrogen, Pertumbuhan, Suhu.

Abstract. This study aims to determine the growth and yield of rice plants due to the influence of temperature, K and N fertilization. This research was carried out in Greenhouse 1 and Greenhouse 2, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University which took place from November 2020 to February 2021. This research was conducted using the Split-split Plot Design with 2 x 2 x 3 factorial RAK pattern with 3 replications so that there were 12 treatment combinations and 36 experimental units with a total of 108 experimental units. The factors studied were temperature (T) as the main plot consisting of two levels, namely T1 (28-32°C) and T2 (33-37°C), fertilization of K (K) as a subplot which consisted of two levels, namely K1 (100 kg K ha-1) and K2 (150 kg K ha-1) and fertilization of N (N) as subplots consisting of three levels, namely N1 (100 kg N ha-1), N2 (150 kg N ha-1) and N3 (200 kg N ha-1). Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, panicle length, number of panicles, percentage of filled grain, weight of grain containing pot-1, weight of dry stover, root dry weight and root crown ratio. The results showed that temperature and K fertilization had a very significant effect on the percentage of grain containing pot-1 and had a significant effect on the number of tillers (45 DAP), and root dry weight. Temperature and N fertilization had a very significant effect on the weight of grain containing pot-1, dry stover weight, root dry weight and root crown ratio and significantly affected panicle length and panicle number. K and N fertilization had a very significant effect on plant height (45 DAP), number of leaves (30 and 60 DAP), percentage of filled grain and root crown ratio and significantly affected leaf number (45 DAP), number of tillers (60 DAP) and weight. grain contains pot-1. Temperature, K and N fertilization had a very significant effect on plant height (45 DAP), number of leaves (60 DAP), number of tillers (45 DAP), weight of grain containing pot-1, weight of dry stover, root dry weight and root crown ratio. The best growth and yield of rice was found at a temperature of 33-37°C, K fertilization 150 kg K ha-1 and N fertilization 200 kg N ha-1. K and N fertilization were effective in increasing the growth and yield of rice plants at high temperatures with an average yield of 4.9 tons ha-1. Keywords: Yield, Inpari 30, Potassium, Nitrogen, Growth, Temperature.