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  <title>KEWENANGAN NEGARA MENUNTUT PENGEDAR PANGAN YANG TIDAK MEMPUNYAI IZIN EDAR DALAM UPAYA PENGEMBALIAN KERUGIAN NEGARA</title>
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  <namePart>AGUNG RAHMATULLAH</namePart>
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   <roleTerm type="text">Primary Author</roleTerm>
  </role>
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  <place>
   <placeTerm type="text">Banda Aceh</placeTerm>
   <publisher>Universitas Syiah Kuala</publisher>
   <dateIssued>2021</dateIssued>
  </place>
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  <languageTerm type="code">id</languageTerm>
  <languageTerm type="text">Indonesia</languageTerm>
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 <note>KEWENANGAN NEGARA MENUNTUT PENGEDAR&#13;
PANGAN YANG TIDAK MEMPUNYAI IZIN EDAR DALAM &#13;
UPAYA PENGEMBALIAN KERUGIAN NEGARA &#13;
&#13;
ABSTRAK &#13;
&#13;
Agung Rahmatullah&#13;
&#13;
 &#13;
&#13;
Dahlan Ali&#13;
 **&#13;
&#13;
Suhaimi&#13;
*** &#13;
 *&#13;
Pangan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dasar terpenting dan sangat&#13;
esensial dalam kehidupan manusia disamping dua kebutuhan dasar lainnya yaitu&#13;
sandang dan papan. Berkaitan dengan pangan telah diatur dalam UndangUndang&#13;
Nomor&#13;
&#13;
18 Tahun 2012 tentang Pangan. Secara prosedural pengaturan&#13;
mengenai pemasukan pangan impor ke wilayah Indonesia telah diatur dalam&#13;
Pasal 2 dan Pasal 3 tentang Peraturan BPOM dan Nomor 30 Tahun 2017 Tentang&#13;
Pengawasan Pemasukan Obat Dan Makanan Ke Dalam Wilayah Indonesi&#13;
Melihat banyaknya merebak pangan yang tidak memiliki izin edar sehingga&#13;
menimbulkan kerugian yang luas yang dimana kerugian tersebut dapat&#13;
berbentuk baik dalam hal kehidupan  masyarakat, perekonomian negara, dan&#13;
yang paling penting adalah kesehatan masyarakat yang mengkonsumsinya.&#13;
Adapun kasus merebak pangan impor ilegal telah tercatat sejak 3 tahun terakhir&#13;
dimulai pada tahun 2018 sampai 2020. Berdasarkan sanksi dari tindak pidana,&#13;
jika terjadi pengedaran makanan impor tanpa izin edar dikenakan Pasal 142 jo&#13;
Pasal 91 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2012 tentang Pangan.&#13;
Sebagaimana halnya bahwa penjatuhan hukuman terhadap pelaku tentu dilihat&#13;
dari tingkat kesalahan dan kerugian yang ditimbulkan dari akibat perbuatan&#13;
tersebut. Hukuman yang cenderung ringan tentu tidak dapat memberikan efek&#13;
jera terhadap pelaku dan memungkinan masyarakat lain untuk ikut-ikutan sebab&#13;
masyarakat tidak takut dengan hukuman yang dijatuhkan.  &#13;
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk kerugian&#13;
Negara atas beredarnya pangan tanpa izin edar dan kewenangan negara dalam &#13;
menuntut pengembalian kerugian negara dari pengedar pangan tanpa izin edar. &#13;
Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis&#13;
normatif dengan melakukan pendekatan terhadap asas-asas hukum dalam&#13;
menganalisis permasalahan yang ada dan menganalisis hukum sebagai gejala&#13;
masyarakat atau perilaku yang berpola dan dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka&#13;
atau data sekunder. &#13;
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beredarnya berbagai macam&#13;
produk pangan tanpa izin edar menimbulkan kerugian-kerugian diantaranya&#13;
ialah : merusak produksi dan konsumsi produk pangan dalam negeri yang telah &#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
mempunyai izin edar yang menyebabkan kerugian di bidang perekonomian,&#13;
berkurangnya Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNPB) dari pengurusan dan&#13;
penerbitan izin edar pangan, lalu keselamatan dan kesehatan masyarakat menjadi&#13;
terganggu akibat mengonsumsi pangan tanpa izin edar. Sedangkan mekanisme&#13;
dalam menuntut pengedar pangan tanpa izin edar dalam upaya pengembalian&#13;
kerugian negara mengacu pada Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Acara Pidana&#13;
(KUHAP) sebagai hukum formil dan Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2012&#13;
tentang Pangan sebagai hukum materil dimana wewenang penuntutan terhadap&#13;
pengedar tanpa izin edar berada di Penunutut Umum. &#13;
Disarankan kepada setiap lembaga yang berkaitan dengan prosedur&#13;
masuknya pangan impor ke wilayah Indonesia, seperti lembaga Bea Cukai,&#13;
BPOM dan lembaga yang berkaitan lainnya untuk dapat meningkatkan lebih&#13;
optimal dalam pengawasan masuknya barang-barang impor ilegal ke wilayah&#13;
Indonesia dan diharapkan kepada Penuntut Umum perlu untuk&#13;
memperhitungkan dan membuktikan kerugian yang dialami negara dalam&#13;
penuntutan, sehingga denda yang dijatuhkan kepada pengedar pangan tanpa izin&#13;
edar dapat mengganti kerugian yang dialami oleh negara, dan lembaga legislatif&#13;
maupun eksekutif perlu membuat peraturan yang mewajibkan pembuktian oleh&#13;
Penuntut Umum mengenai adanya kerugian negara dalam tindak pidana&#13;
peredaran pangan tanpa izin edar. &#13;
&#13;
Kata kunci: Kewenangan, Negara, Tuntutan, Ganti Rugi, Izin Edar, Impor,&#13;
Ilegal. &#13;
*&#13;
    Mahasiswa &#13;
**&#13;
   Pembimbing I &#13;
***&#13;
  Pembimbing II &#13;
 &#13;
 &#13;
THE AUTHORITY OF STATE TO PROSECUTE FOOD&#13;
DISTRIBUTORS THAT DO NOT POSSESS DISTRIBUTION &#13;
PERMIT IN THE STATE LOSSES RECOVERY EFFORTS&#13;
 &#13;
&#13;
 &#13;
ABSTRACT&#13;
Agung Rahmatullah&#13;
&#13;
Dahlan Ali&#13;
 **&#13;
&#13;
Suhaimi&#13;
*** &#13;
 *&#13;
Food is one of the most important and very essential basic needs in&#13;
human life in addition to two other basic needs, namely clothing and shelter.&#13;
With regard to food, it has been regulated in Law Number 18 of 2012 concerning&#13;
Food. Procedurally, the regulation regarding the importation of imported food&#13;
into the territory of Indonesia has been regulated in Article 2 and Article 3&#13;
concerning BPOM Regulation and Number 30 of 2017 concerning Supervision&#13;
of the Importation of Drugs and Food into the Territory of Indonesian&#13;
considering the large number of food spreads that do not have a distribution&#13;
permit, this results in extensive losses in which these losses can be in good&#13;
impact in terms of people's lives, the country's economy, and the most important&#13;
thing is the health of the people who consume them. The cases of the spread of&#13;
illegal imported food have been recorded since the last 3 years starting from&#13;
2018 to 2020. Based on the sanctions of a criminal act, if there is circulation of&#13;
imported food without a distribution permit, it is subject to article 142 in&#13;
conjunction with (jo.) article 91 paragraph (1) of the Law Number 18 of 2012&#13;
concerning Food. Likewise, the imposition of punishment against the&#13;
perpetrator is certainly seen from the level of error and loss resulting from the&#13;
consequence of the act. Punishments that tend to be light are certainly not able&#13;
to provide a deterrent effect on the perpetrators and allow other people to follow&#13;
the action because people are not afraid of the punishment imposed.  &#13;
This study aims to find out the forms of state losses for the circulation of&#13;
food without a distribution permit and the state's authority to sue the return of&#13;
state losses from food distributors without distribution permits. &#13;
This research was conducted using a normative juridical research&#13;
method by doing the approach towards legal principles in analyzing existing&#13;
problems and analyzing law as a symptom of society or patterned behavior and&#13;
by studying library materials or secondary data. &#13;
The results of this study show that the circulation of various kinds of food&#13;
products without distribution permits resulted in losses including: damaging the&#13;
production and consumption of domestic food products that already have a&#13;
distribution permit which causes losses in the economic sector, reduced NonTax&#13;
State&#13;
Revenues&#13;
(PNPB)&#13;
from&#13;
the&#13;
process&#13;
and&#13;
issuance&#13;
of&#13;
food&#13;
distribution&#13;
 &#13;
permits, as well as the safety and health of the public is disrupted due to&#13;
consuming food without a distribution permit. Whereas, the mechanism for&#13;
prosecuting food distributors without distribution permits in an effort to recover&#13;
the state losses refers to the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) as formal law&#13;
and the Law Number 18 of 2012 concerning Food as material law where the&#13;
authority to prosecute distributors who do not have distribution permits be at&#13;
the Public Prosecutor.  &#13;
It is recommended that every institution related to the procedure for the&#13;
entry of imported food into the territory of Indonesia, such as Customs and&#13;
Excise agencies, BPOM and other related institutions should be able to be more&#13;
optimal in improving the Supervision towards the entry of illegal imported&#13;
goods that enter the territory of Indonesia and it is expected that the Public&#13;
Prosecutor needs to calculate and prove the losses suffered by the state in&#13;
prosecution, so that the fines imposed on food distributors that do not possess&#13;
distribution permits can compensate for the losses suffered by the state, and the&#13;
legislative as well as executive institutions need to enact regulation requiring&#13;
the proofing by the Public Prosecutor related to the existence of state losses in&#13;
the criminal act of food circulation without a distribution permit.  &#13;
&#13;
Keywords: Authority, State, Claims, Compensation, Distribution Permit,&#13;
Import, Illegal.&#13;
&#13;
 &#13;
&#13;
*&#13;
    Student &#13;
**&#13;
   The Chair of supervisory committee &#13;
***&#13;
  The member of supervisory committee &#13;
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