Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Tesis

Model Pertumbuhan Permukiman Kumuh di Kota Sigli
Berdasarkan Aspek Biofisik

Ridha Hadi
1704201010018

Program Studi Magister Teknik Sipil
Jurusan Teknik Sipil – Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstrak

Seiring dengan pertumbuhan kota dan jumlah penduduk setelah bencana tsunami,
permukiman baru di Kota Sigli berkembang tidak terkendali di sepanjang pesisir
pantai dan bantaran sungai yang dapat mengakibatkan pantai dan sungai kehilangan
fungsi dan menurun kualitas lingkungannya. Selain itu, permukiman juga
berkembang pada jalur transportasi menuju ke arah pusat perdagangan dan pusat
pelayanan kota, sehingga pada akhirnya akan muncul permukiman kumuh yang
berpotensi menyebabkan penurunan kualitas fungsi hunian. Permukiman kumuh di
Kecamatan Kota Sigli Kabupaten Pidie memiliki prevalensi kekumuhan di atas 50
Ha. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola pertumbuhan
permukiman kumuh di Kota Sigli tahun 2008 dan tahun 2018 serta memprediksi
model permukiman kumuh tahun 2034 berdasarkan aspek biofisik dengan
menggunakan kebijakan pemerintah. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu
kuantitatif berbasis spasial dimana data pola pertumbuhan permukiman kumuh
diolah dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak ArcGis 10.6 melalui ArcToolbox
LanduseSim, dengan faktor pendorong meliputi jarak terhadap jalan, jarak terhadap
sungai, jarak terhadap garis pantai, jarak terhadap pusat pelayanan kota, sedangkan
faktor penghambat meliputi kebijakan tata ruang dan kebijakan pemerintah.
Sedangkan model prediksi pertumbuhan permukiman kumuh tahun 2034
menggunakan software LanduseSim 2.3.1 dengan menggunakan pendekatan
Cellular Automata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perubahan penggunaan lahan
menjadi permukiman sebesar 101,33 Ha, dimana 51,78 Ha diantaranya merupakan
permukiman kumuh yang mengalami pertumbuhan pada tahun 2008 sampai dengan
tahun 2018. Sedangkan prediksi sebaran permukiman kumuh tahun 2034 mengikuti
pola perkembangan konsentris linier dengan mengikuti aspek biofisik yang
mengarah ke garis pantai kemudian menyebar secara konsentris mengikuti jalan
kolektor.

Kata Kunci: biofisik, permukiman, kumuh, model




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Thesis

The Model of Slum Settlement Growth in Sigli Region
based on Biophysical Aspects

Ridha Hadi
1704201010018

Master Program of Civil Engineerig
Civil Engineering Department of Engineering Faculty
Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstract

Along with the growth of the city and population after the tsunami disaster, new
settlements in the Sigli Region develop uncontrollably along the coast and
riverbanks, which can cause beaches and rivers to lose their function and
deteriorate their environmental quality. In addition, settlements also develop along
the transportation route to the trade center and city service center, so that in the
end, slum settlements will emerge which have the potential to cause a decline in the
quality of residential functions. Slum settlements in the Sigli Region, Pidie Regency,
have a slum prevalence above 50 Ha. For this reason, this study aimed to identify
the growth patterns of slum settlements in Sigli Region between 2008 and 2018 and
predict the slum settlement model in 2034 based on biophysical aspects using
government policies. The approach method used was quantitative spatial based
where the data on the growth patterns of slum settlements were processed using
ArcGis 10.6 software through ArcToolbox LanduseSim, with driving factors
included were distance to road, distance to river, distance to coastline, distance to
city service center, while constraint factors were: barriers include spatial policies
and government policies. The prediction model for the growth of slum settlements
in 2034 used LanduseSim 2.3.1 software with the Cellular Automata approach. The
results showed that the change in land use into settlements was 101.33 Ha, of which
51.78 Ha were slum settlements that experienced growth in 2008 to 2018.
Meanwhile, the prediction of the distribution of slum settlements in 2034 will follow
a linear concentric development pattern by following the biophysical aspects
leading to the coastline and then spreading concentrically following the collector's
path.

Keywords: biophysical, settelement, slum, model




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