Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kelompok senyawa fitokimia dari ekstrak metanol daun Ki Tolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don), menguji potensi ekstrak metanol daun Ki Tolod sebagai antibakteri, dan menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak yang efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi, pengujian fitokimia secara kualitatif, serta pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode Kirby Bauer pada konsentrasi 25, 50, 100, dan 200 mg/mL, kontrol positif amoksisilin 25 ?g dan kloramfenikol 30 ?g, kontrol negatif akuades, dan kontrol pembanding metanol. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan analisis varian (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut Duncan. Berdasarkan hasil uji fitokimia, ekstrak metanol daun Ki Tolod mengandung senyawa alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, fenolik, tanin, dan saponin. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus yaitu 200 mg/mL. Ekstrak metanol daun Ki Tolod berpotensi sebagai antibakteri, namun dalam kategori lemah.

Kata kunci: Antibakteri, metode Kirby Bauer, senyawa fitokimia, Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus





ABSTRACT
The aims of this research were to determine the phytochemical compounds of Ki Tolod leaves methanolic extract, evaluate the potency of the Ki Tolod leaves methanolic extract as an antibacterial agent, and determine the effective concentration for inhibiting Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial growth. The extraction was performed by maceration and phytochemical compounds were screened qualitatively. Antibacterial activity was assayed by Kirby Bauer method with concentrations 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL, positive control using amoxicillin 25 ?g and chloramphenicol 30 ?g, negative control using aquades, and methanol as comparing control. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post hoc test by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Phytochemical test results showed that the methanolic extract of Ki Tolod leaves contained alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, phenolic, tannins, and saponin. The result of this research showed that the effective concentration to inhibit E. coli and S. aureus growth was 200 mg/mL. The methanolic extracts of Ki Tolod leaves showed the potency as an antibacterial, but they were in the weak category.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Kirby Bauer method, phytochemical compound, Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus

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