T. FAUZANSYAH Primary Author mixed material bibliography Banda Aceh Universitas Syiah Kuala 2019 id Indonesia

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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN PEMBELIAN RUMAH MELALUI PERJANJIAN PENGIKATAN JUAL BELI (Analisis Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Simalungun Nomor 35/Pdt.Plw/2013/PNSim) T. Fauzansyah i ? Dr. Azhari, S.H., MCL, M.A. Dr. Iman Jauhari, S.H., M.Hum. ABSTRAK ?? ??? Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) merupakan suatu bentuk perikatan yang lahir seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, khusus dalam segi perdagangan, hal tersebut terjadi karena belum dapat dipenuhinya syarat-syarat untuk melakukan jual beli di hadapan Pejabat Umum/(PPAT) sebagai pihak yang berwenang. Dasar hukum PPJB sebagai perjanjian pendahuluan dijelaskan dalam ketentuan Pasal 42 ayat (1) Undang-undang No 1 Tahun 2011 tentang Perumahan dan Permukiman serta Keputusan Menteri Perumahan Rakyat No 9 Tahun 1995. Dalam praktiknya PPJB yang dibuat oleh para pihak menimbulkan konflik yang menyebabkan kerugian materil di pihak pembeli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kedudukan PPJB, kekuatan hukum PPJB yang dibuat oleh para pihak, serta perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen pembelian rumah melalui PPJB dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Simalungun No. 35/PDT.PLW/2013/PN-SIM. Penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penulisan ini termasuk dalam kategori penelitian yuridis-normatif, yaitu hukum dikonsepsikan sebagai norma, kaidah, asas atau dogma-dogma. Penelitian ini yang didasarkan pada data sekunder yaitu menganalisis Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Simalungun No. 35/PDT.PLW/2013/PNSIM dengan menggunakan teori teori-teori dan asas-asas hukum serta buku-buku maupun literatur hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan terhadap permasalahan yang akan diteliti. Penelitian yuridis normatif dikenal pula dengan istilah penelitian doktrinal atau penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu penelitian hukum kepustakaan atau penelitian hukum yang didasarkan pada data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) yang dibuat oleh para pihak (Ngadiman dan PT. Surya Cemerlang) telah dilakukan sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundangundangan. Dasar perjanjian yang merujuk pada asas kebebasan berkontrak sebagaimana Pasal 1338 (1) KUHPerdata dan dibuat sesuai dengan syarat sahnya perjanjian sebagaimana tertuang dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata sehingga perjanjian tersebut berlaku sebagai undang-undang bagi mereka yang membuatnya. ? Mahasiswa ?? Ketua Komisi Pembimbing ??? Anggota Komisi Pembimbing PPJB yang dibuat oleh para pihak memiliki kekuatan hukum mengikat bagi mereka dan dapat digunakan sebagai alat bukti yang sah dipersidangan. Wanprestasi PT. Surya Cemerlang terhadap Raden Maruhum Hutabarat yang berkibat kepada konsumen yang kehilangan hak atas tanah dan bangunan yang menjadi objek PPJB yang dibuat oleh para pihak, karena legalitas atas tanah tersebut yang diperoleh atas dasar perjanjian telah dibatalkan oleh pengadilan. Namun hal tersebut tidak menjadikan PPJB yang dibuat oleh PT. Surya Cemerlang dan konsumen menjadi gugur dan tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum sehingga konsumen berhak atas kewajiban menyerahkan tanah dan bangunan dari PT. Surya Cemerlang sebagaimana tertuang dalam perjanjian atau memberikan ganti rugi atas ketidakmampuannya melaksanakan prestasi Majelis hakim dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Simalungun No. 35/PDT.PLW/2013/PN-SIM belum memberikan keadilan kepada Ngadiman selaku konsumen dengan tidak menjadikan asas-asas perlindungan konsumen sesuai Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dan itikad baik pembeli sebagai pertimbangan hukum (legal reasoning). Serta hakim dala putusannya juga tidak mencantumkan pertimbangan penolakan. Yang menjadi saran dalam penelitian ini adalah agar setiap perjanjian yang dibuat haruslah sesuai dengan Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata dan haruslah dilaksanakan dengan asas itikad baik. Legalitas atas objek yang diperjualbelikan khususnya tanah menjadi penting agar tidak terjadinya konflik di masa mendatang. Agar Konsumen dalam membeli suau barang jasa disarankan agar mengetahui informasi akan produk yang akan dibelinya secara baik dan jelas serta dalam perjanjian hendaknya dihadapan Notaris sebagai Pejabat yang sah.Hakim dapat melihat dan mempertimbangkan itikad baik dan perlindungan konsumen dalam memutus suatu dan kepada pembeli (Ngadiman) dapat mengajukan gugatan kepada PT. Surya Cemerlang untuk membayarkan ganti rugi atas wanprestasi yang dilakukan. Kata kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Konsumen, Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli. LEGAL PROTECTION OF HOME PURCHASING CONSUMERS THROUGH THE SALES AND PURCHASE AGREEMENT (Analysis of the Decision of the Simalungun District Court Number 35 / Pdt.Plw / 2013 / PN-Sim) T. Fauzansyah ? Student ?? ii ? Dr. Azhari, S.H., MCL, M.A. Chairman of the Supervisory Commission ?? Dr. Iman Jauhari, S.H., M.Hum. ABSTRACT iii ??? The Sales and Purchase Agreement is a form of engagement that was born along with the times, specifically in terms of trade, this happens because the conditions for buying and selling can not be fulfilled before the General Officer / (PPAT) as the authorized party. The legal basis of the The Sales and Purchase Agreement as a preliminary agreement is explained in the provisions of Article 42 paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 of 2011 concerning Housing and Settlements as well as the Minister of Public Housing Decree No. 9 of 1995. In practice The Sales and Purchase Agreement made by the parties creates conflicts that cause material losses on the buyer's side. This study aims to analyze the position of the The Sales and Purchase Agreement, the legal strength of the The Sales and Purchase Agreement made by the parties, as well as legal protection for consumers of home purchases through the The Sales and Purchase Agreement in the Decision of the Simalungun No. District Court. 35 / PDT.PLW / 2013 / PN-SIM. The research carried out in this writing falls into the category of juridical-normative research, namely that law is conceived as a norm, rule, principle or dogmas. This study is based on secondary data, namely analyzing the Decision of the Simalungun No. District Court. 35 / PDT.PLW / 2013 / PN-SIM by using theory theories and legal principles as well as books and legal literature and legislation that are relevant to the problems to be examined. Normative juridical research is also known as doctrinal research or normative legal research, namely library legal research or legal research based on secondary data. The results of the study indicate that the position of the Sales and Purchase Agreement made by the parties (Ngadiman and PT. Surya Cemerlang) has been carried out in accordance with the provisions of the legislation. The basis of the agreement refers to the principle of freedom of contract as Article 1338 (1) of the Civil Code and made in accordance with the legal requirements of the agreement as contained in Article 1320 of the Civil Code so that the agreement applies as a law for those who make it. The Sales and Purchase Agreement made by the parties has legal force binding on them and can be used as legal evidence in court. Default PT. Surya Cemerlang against Raden Maruhum Hutabarat which affects consumers who lose their rights to land and buildings that are objects of The Sales and Purchase Agreement made by the parties, because the legality of the land obtained on the basis of the agreement has been canceled by the court. However, this does not make The Sales and Purchase Agreement made by PT. Surya Cemerlang and consumers fall out and do not have legal power so consumers have the right to the obligation to surrender land and buildings from PT. Surya Cemerlang as stated in ??? Member of the Supervisory Commission the agreement or provide compensation for its inability to carry out the achievements The panel of judges in the Decision of the Simalungun District Court No. 35/PDT.PLW/2013/PN-SIM has not provided justice to Ngadiman as a consumer by not making consumer protection principles in accordance with Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and the buyer's good faith as legal considerations (legal reasoning). And the judge in his decision also does not include consideration of rejection. The suggestion in this study is that every agreement made is recommended to see aspects of the legal terms of the agreement in accordance with Article 1320 of the Civil Code and must be carried out with the principle of good faith by both parties. The legality of objects traded, especially land, is important to know and clearly the basis of its rights to prevent conflicts from occurring even causing material losses in the future. In order for Consumers to buy a service item, it is recommended that they know the information for the product they are buying well and clearly. The Agreement on Binding of Buy and Sell and other agreements should be made before a Notary as a legitimate Officer, so that the agreement made has the power of perfect proof and the clauses in the agreement can be clearly explained in order to avoid losses. Judges can see and consider good faith and principles of consumer protection in deciding on a similar case, so that the decisions it produces can reflect legal protection against buyers. Buyers (Ngadiman) can file a lawsuit to pay compensation for defaults made by PT. Surya Cemerlang is not giving what is the right of consumers (home + land) who have good intentions by paying a sum of money (DP + installments) according to the contents of the The Sales and Purchase Agreement made. Keywords: Legal Protection, Consumer, Purchase Contract iv 0 ELECTRONIC THESES AND DISSERTATION Universitas Syiah Kuala 66094 2019-12-02 14:15:06 2019-12-02 14:30:23 machine generated