Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK




Nyamuk masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat khususnya pada daerah tropis dan subtropis. Upaya pencegahan terhadap vektor penyakit yang disebabkan nyamuk telah banyak dilakukan salah satunya dengan penggunaan insektisida buatan. Namun, penggunaan insektisida buatan dapat menimbulkan bahaya bagi kesehatan maupun lingkungan. Bahaya penggunaan insektisida tersebut dapat diminimalisir dengan menggunakan insektisida alami. Salah satunya adalah minyak atsiri akar cengkeh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas larvasida minyak atsiri akar cengkeh S. aromaticum L. terhadap kematian larva nyamuk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen laboratorium dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu tiap kelompok berisi 25 larva nyamuk dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari minyak atsiri akar cengkeh konsentrasi 25 ppm,
50 ppm, 100 ppm, 500 ppm, abate sebagai kontrol positif dan air sumur sebagai kontrol negatif. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Statistical Product Service Solutions (SPSS) dan analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian minyak atsiri akar cengkeh S. aromaticum L. dapat menyebabkan kematian larva nyamuk. Hasil analisis probit menunjukan nilai LC50 adalah 193,256 ppm. Uji fitokimia menunjukan bahwa dalam minyak atsiri akar cengkeh mengandung golongan flavonoid, terpenoid, steroid dan saponin.

Kata Kunci : Larvasidal minyak atsiri akar cengkeh.




ABSTRACT



Mosquito is still a health hazard, especially for those living in the tropics and subtropics. The prevention of mosquito-borne diseases has been done in many ways, one of which is by using synthetic insecticides. However, the use of the synthetic insecticides might harm environmental and human health. Therefore, in order to minimize the bad effects of the synthetic insecticides, using natural insecticides may be helpful. One of those natural insecticides is the essential oil extracted from clove root. The objective of this reserach was to identify the effects of the larvacidal activity by using the essential oil extracted from clove root on the mortality of mosquito larvae. This research is an experimental one conducted in a laboratory. There were six treatments with 25 mosquito larva e in each group and three repetitions. The samples were treated by using 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 500 ppm clove root essential oil with abate as the positive control group and water in a well as the negative control group. The data were then analyzed by using the Statistical Product Service Solutions (SPSS) and probit analysis. The results indicates that the use of the essential oil might caused the mortality of mosquito larvae. Moreover, the probit analysis shows that the value of LC50 was 193.256 ppm. In addition, a phytochemical screening indicates that the essential oil contains flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, and saponin.

Keywords: Larvacidal Activity, Essential Oil of Clove Root

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